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汽车复杂结构零件的低噪声自动清洗设备研制

杨燕红1, 刘峰1,2, 付豪3, 赵稳4, 廖兴华1, 韦顺达1, 李高强1

1.西华大学 汽车与交通学院，四川 成都 610039;2.广西大学 机械工程学院，广西 南宁 530004;3.成都西华新源科技有限公司，四川 成 都 610000;4.重庆建设•雅马哈摩托车有限公司，重庆 400054

摘要:根据某企业提出的车用中小型复杂结构零件清洗要求，即在机加工工序后能自动清洗零件各角落残留的积液和切屑等杂质，提高零件清洁度合格率，减轻员工劳动强度，同时对清洗过程的噪声进行控制，改善员工工作环境，研发一款自动化低噪声清洗设备。该设备采用多组柔性管，利用压缩空气形成多角度、多气流喷射的方式对零件进行清洗，采用多层隔音、吸音材料组成的密闭结构降低工作噪声。采用可编程逻辑控制器（PLC）与触摸屏组成的人机交互系统控制，对控制系统进行集成设计，并对控制程序和人机界面进行设计。设备运行测试结果表明：经过设备一次清洗后，被清洗零件的颗粒杂质质量≤0.5 mg的合格率达到87%，液体杂质质量≤0.5 mg的合格率为100%，清洁效果良好；设备运行期间的噪声值≤80 dB，清洗工艺的工作噪声得到了有效控制；同时实现了较高程度自动化，并能够根据实际生产线节奏设定自动清 洗程序时长，满足实际生产需求。

关键词:柔性清洗设备;工业噪声控制;气流清洗;气动回路;PLC;人机交互

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2020080008

基金项目:四川省科技计划项目（18CGSF0120，2019YFG0297）；四川省重大科技专项项目（2019ZDZX0002）

收稿日期:2020/08/03

修回日期:2020/12/20

出版日期:2021/09/15

Development of low noise automatic cleaning device for automobile complex parts

YANG Yanhong1, LIU Feng1,2, FU Hao3, ZHAO Wen4, LIAO Xinghua1, WEI Shunda1, LI Gaoqiang1

1.School of Automobile and Transportation， XiHua University， Chengdu  610039 ， Sichuan， China;2.School of Mechanical Engineering， Guangxi University， Nanning  530004 ， Guangxi， China;3.Chengdu Xihua Xinyuan Technology Co. ， Ltd. ， Chengdu  610000 ， Sichuan， China;4.Chongqing Construction • Yamaha Motorcycle Co. ， Ltd. ， Chongqing  400054 ， China

Abstract:According to the requirement of an enterprise that the impurities such as residual liquid and shavings were cleaned automatically after machining for the small and medium-sized parts with complex structure in automobile industry ， an automatic low noise cleaning device was developed to improve parts cleanliness qualification rate ， to reduce the labor intensity of operating staff ， to control the noise of cleaning process and to improve the working environment of staff. The device adopted multi-angle and multi-air jet with multiple flexible tubes to clean the parts ， and adopted the closed structure composed of multi-layer sound insulation and sound absorbing materials to reduce working noise. The control and human-machine interaction systems were composed of programmable logic controller（ PLC ） and touch screen ， the integrated control systems were designed ， and the control program and human-machine interface were designed. The test results showed that the cleaning effect was good ； After the parts were cleaned once by the device， the qualified rate of particle impurities（ ≤5 mg）reached 87% ， and the qualification rate of liquid impurities（ ≤0.5 mg）was 100% . The noise value during the operation of the device was no more than 80 dB ， so the working noise of cleaning process was effectively controlled. The device realized a high degree of automation ， and could set the time of automatic cleaning program according to the actual production line to meet practical needs.

Key words:flexible cleaning device;industrial noise control;air cleaning;pneumatic circuit;PLC;HMI

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