| 时间: 2022-03-10 | 次数: |
揣小明, 韩艳1, 周海霞,等.2015—2018年河南省PM2.5健康损害评估研究[J].河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）,2022,41(2):67-76.
CHUAI X M, HAN Y J, ZHOU H X, et al. Evaluation study on health damage caused by PM2.5 in Henan Province from 2015 to 2018[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2022,41(2):67-76.
2015—2018年河南省PM2.5健康损害评估研究
揣小明1, 韩艳俊1, 周海霞2, 范超1
1.河南理工大学 安全与应急研究中心,河南 焦作454000；2.河南理工大学 图书馆,河南 焦作 454000
摘要:大气污染的累积效应严重威胁着居民健康状况,开展大气污染状况和健康损害评估研究 迫在眉睫。以河南省18个地市为研究对象,分析PM质量浓度的时空变化规律,根据暴露-反应关系,采用泊松相对危险模型,评估95%置信区间下PM2.5污染的致病人数及其健康损害情况。结果表明：（1）河南省18个地市中,郑州因PM2.5污染导致的健康经济损失最高,安阳、洛阳和新乡等次之,信阳、南阳和驻马店最低,且2015—2018年郑州、周口、南阳、洛阳、安阳和商丘6个地市PM2.5污染导致的全因死亡、心脑血管疾病和肺炎患病数最多,三门峡、鹤壁和济源3个地市患病数最少,说明PM2.5污染水平和人口数量显著影响河南省的全因死亡人数、心脑血管疾病和肺炎患病数（p < 0.05）；安阳、焦作、郑州、新乡、平顶山和洛阳6个地市PM2.5污染导致的全因死亡、心脑血管疾病和肺炎患病比率最高,驻马店、南阳和信阳患病比率最低,说明PM2.5污染水平是河南省全因死亡、心脑血管疾病和肺炎患病比率的决定性因素（p < 0.05）；（2）0 ~ 14岁肺炎发病人数和比率均显著高于14岁以上群体的；儿科门诊的就诊比率显著高于成人门诊的（p < 0.05）；（3）2015—2018年河南省因PM2.5污染造成的健康经济总损失呈现先下降后上升趋势, PM2.5污染导致劳动受限、全因死亡、肺炎和心脑血管疾病的健康经济损失值最高。
关键词: PM2.5污染;泊松相对危险模型;全因死亡;心脑血管疾病;肺炎;劳动受限;健康损害
doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2020080042
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（71673076）；焦作市政府招标重点课题（JZZ201911Z）；河南理工大学大气污染公共安全专项 项目（660113/016/004）；河南理工大学研究基金年度项目（SKND2019-19 ）
收稿日期:2020/08/11
修回日期:2020/09/07
出版日期:2022/03/15
Evaluation study on health damage caused by PM2.5 in Henan Province from 2015 to 2018
CHUAI Xiaoming1, HAN Yanjun1, ZHOU Haixia2, FAN Chao1
1.Safety and Emergency Management Research Center,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000 ,Henan,China；2.Library of Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000 ,Henan,China
Abstract: The cumulative effects of air pollution are playing stress on health status for residents,so it is urgent to conduct evaluation of pollution statuses and their health damage in China.Taking the 18 municipalities in Henan Province as targets,temporal and spatial changes of PM2.5 pollution were analyzed,and then pathogenic populations and health damage caused by PM2.5 pollution at 95% confidence intervals were evaluated by Poisson relative risk model based on exposure-response relationship in Henan province.The main results were as follows: (1) Among these 18 municipalities,the health economic losses for Zhengzhou caused by PM2.5 pollution were the highest,followed by Anyang,Luoyang and Xinxiang,and health economic losses in Xinyang,Nanyang and Zhumadian were the lowest.The pathogenic populations of all-cause death,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,pneumonia in Zhengzhou,Zhoukou,Nanyang,Luoyang,Anyang and Shangqiu caused by PM2.5 pollution were the most while those in Sanmenxia,Hebi and Jiyuan were the least during 2015 to 2018,which indicated that combination of PM2.5 pollution levels with population affected pathogenic populations for these three health damages significantly( p< 0.05) .The pathogenic population rates for all-cause death,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,pneumonia in Anyang,Jiaozuo,Zhengzhou,Xinxiang,Pingdingshan and Luoyang caused by PM2.5 pollution were the highest while the pathogenic populations rates in Zhumadian,Nanyang and Xinyang were the lowest,which indicated PM2.5 pollution was decisive factor for all-cause death,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,pneumonia in Henan province( p < 0.05) .(2) The pathogenic population and pathogenic population rates for adolescent were both higher than those of adult,and outpatient visiting for pediatrics was higher than that of medical.(3) The total health economic losses caused by PM2.5 pollution decreased firstly,and then increase trends for these were observed during 2015 to 2018.Among which,health economic losses for labor-limit,all-cause death,pneumonia,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were the highest.
Key words:PM2.5 pollution;Poisson relative risk model;all-cause death;cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases;pneumonia;labor-limit;health damage
