邵陆航, 康志强, 辛东夫,等.深部片麻岩破坏全过程声发射时频域信号特征及前兆预警研究[J].河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）,2021,40(2):15-21.

SHAO L H, KANG Z Q, XIN D F, et al.Study on the time frequency domain signal characteristics and precursor earlywarning of acoustic emission in deep gneiss failure[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2021,40(2):15-21.

深部片麻岩破坏全过程声发射时频域信号特征及前兆预警研究

邵陆航1,2, 康志强1,2, 辛东夫1,2, 张晨1,2, 姚旭龙1,2

1.华北理工大学 矿业工程学院，河北 唐山 063210;2.河北省矿业开发与安全技术重点实验室，河北 唐山 063210

摘要:针对矿山深部开采中岩石突发性灾害事故频发问题，以揭示岩石破坏前兆特征为目的，以金厂峪金矿深部片麻岩为研究对象，采用单轴压缩声发射试验，研究深部片麻岩承载过程与声发射时频域特征的关联性，并深入分析岩石失稳破坏前声发射时频域参数的前兆特征及两者的耦合性。结果表明：（1）声发射时域参数振铃计数在屈服阶段表现出明显的“单峰”型突增浮动特征；振铃计数率、累计振铃计数和能率、累计能量在临近破坏前呈现“高值突增”现象。（2）岩石破坏全过程声发射主频分为5个频带，低频带信号（>0~40 kHz）占比呈现先增大后减小、再增大又减小的规律；中低频带信号（>40~80 kHz）零星分布，无明显特征；中频频带信号（>80~130 kHz）在岩石破坏全过程中占比最大，且呈现稳定变化趋势，临近破坏前呈 现快速增大特征；中高频带信号（>130~160 kHz）只在岩石临近破坏前才出现；高频带信号 （>160~200 kHz）占比呈现先减小、后增大的规律。（3）临界破坏前振铃计数、能率的“突增” 和高频信号在相同时间所表现出的“快速增加”和“下移”特征以及低频信号“缺失”的特征可作为岩石失稳破坏的关键前兆信息。通过分析声发射时频域特征参数变化，可以更加准确地对岩石破坏前兆信息进行判断识别，这对矿山开采及工程施工安全预警具有重要的应用价值。

关键词:片麻岩;声发射;时频域;前兆预警

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2019080029

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（51804122）

收稿日期:2019/08/09

修回日期:2019/09/14

出版日期:2021/03/15

Study on the time frequency domain signal characteristics and precursor earlywarning of acoustic emission in deep gneiss failure

SHAO Luhang1,2, KANG Zhiqiang1,2, XIN Dongfu1,2, ZHANG Chen1,2, YAO Xulong1,2

1.College of Mining Engineering， North China University of  Science and Technology， Tangshan  063210 ，Hebei， China;2.Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Mining Development and Safety Technigque， Tangshan  063210 ， Hebei， China

Abstract:Aiming at the frequent occurrences of rock sudden disasters in deep mining， the precursor characteristics of rock failure were revealed. The deep gneiss of Jinchang Sheet Metal Mine was taken as the research object， and the uniaxial compression acoustic emission test was used to study the relationship between the gneiss bearing process and the acoustic emission time -frequency domain characteristics， and the precursory characteristics of the acoustic emission and the time-frequency domain parameters before the rock failure and the coupling between above two were explored. The results showed that ： （1 ） Ringing count of acoustic emission time domain parameter showed obvious “ single peak“ type with sudden increase floating characteristic in the yield stage； ringing count rate， cumulative ringing count and energy rate， and accumulated energy presented “high value“ before the rock failure sudden increase phenomenon. （2 ） The main frequency of sound emission in rock failure was divided into five frequency bands. The ratio of low frequency band signal（0 〜40 kHz） increased first， then decreased， then increased and decreased； medium and low frequency band signals （40 〜 80 kHz ） were sporadic distribution and had no obvious features； the IF band signal（ 80 〜130 kHz） had the largest proportion in the whole process of rock failure， and it showed a steady change trend， showing a rapid increase before the rock failure； the middle and high frequency band signals （130 〜160 kHz ） occured only before the rock approached failure； the ratio of the high-band signal （ 160 〜200 kHz ） decreased first and then increased. （3 ） The ringing count before the critical failure， the “ sudden increase“ of the energy rate， and the “rapid increase" and " downward “ characteristics of the high -frequency signals at the same time and the “missing" characteristics of the low-frequency singles could be used as key precursor information for rock failure. Through analyzing the change of time-frequency domain characteristic parameters of acoustic emission， the rock failure precursor information could be judged and identified more accurately， which had important application value for mines development and safety warning of engineering construction.

Key words:gneiss;acoustic emission;time-frequency domain;precursor warning

深部片麻岩破坏全过程声发射时频域信号特征及前兆预警研究_邵陆航.pdf