CHEN X S, ZHAO T Q,et al.Study on the influence of different fertilizer on ammonia volatilization in cropland soil of the Xichuan Reservoir Area[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2024,43(6):100-108.

Received:2022/10/31

Revised:2022/11/27

Online:2024-09-24

Study on the influence of different fertilizer on ammonia volatilization in cropland soil of the

Xichuan Reservoir Area

CHEN Xiaoshu1,2, ZHAO Tongqian1

1.School of Resources and Environment，Henan Polytechnic University，Jiaozuo  454000，Henan，China；2.School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering，Henan Polytechnic University，Jiaozuo  454000，Henan，China

Abstract:Ammonia volatilized from farmland fertilizers is a significant source of atmospheric and aquatic nitrogen in the Danjiangkou Reservoir,a key water source for the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project,posing a threat to the water quality and safety of the reservoir area.  Objectives In order to study the influence of different fertilizer on ammonia volatilization in cropland soil of the reservoir area，  Methods taking the typical cropland soils in the Xichuan Reservoir Area as the research object，in situ field monitoring was conducted using a closed static chamber method during the summer and autumn of 2020 to evaluate ammonia volatilization from soil under various fertilization practices.The effects of different fertilizers on the rate and cumulative amount of ammonia volatilization were analyzed，and the seasonal differences were examined.  Results The results showed that：（1）Fertilizer applications significantly increased soil ammonia volatilization rates.Urea-treated soils showed the highest volatilization rate，peaking between the 4th and 6th day after application and fluctuating the longest.Compound fertilizers followed the rate，with peaks occurring between the 6th and 9th days.Organic fertilizer treatments had the lowest volatilization rates，nearly matching the soil’s natural background levels.（2）There were notable differences in cumulative ammonia volatilization among the different fertilizers.Urea treatments had the highest cumulative volatilization，approximately 10 times that of the control（no fertilizer），while compound and organic fertilizer were about 3 times and 1 time，respectively.This indicated that organic fertilizer had the least impact on ammonia volatilization.（3）Ammonia volatilization rates exhibited significant seasonal differences，with higher rates in summer compared with that in autumn.Under the same fertilization conditions，it took more than twice as long for ammonia volatilization in autumn to return to baseline levels compared with that in summer，although the net cumulative volatilization was not significantly different （0.04~2.41 kg·hm^-2）.While seasonal factors had influences on volatilization behavior，the total volatilization remained consistent.The daily and total ammonia volatilization rates in autumn were lower than that in summer，but their impact on soil and atmosphere was more prolonged.  Conclusions Adjusting fertilization practices by increasing the use of organic fertilizers and reducing the use of urea could effectively decrease soil ammonia volatilization caused by fertilization.

Key words:ammonia volatilization;urea;compound fertilizer;organic fertilizer;cropland soil;static chamber;Danjiangkou Reservoir