殷月红,程玉洁,李永超,等.一步水热法合成SnO₂/碳点复合材料及对丙酮气体检测研究[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版)，doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787. （ 2024040001）..

YIN Y H, CHENG Y J, LI Y C, et al． SnO₂/carbon dots nanocomposite synthesized by one-step hydrothermal technique for acetone gas sensor[J]. Journal of Henan Polytechnic University( Natural Science), doi: 10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787. （ 2024040001）..

一步水热法合成SnO₂/碳点复合材料及对丙酮气体检测研究 (网络首发)

殷月红1，程玉洁2，李永超2，刘玉坤2，牛一帆2，曹国华1，张宝庆2

1.河南理工大学 物理与电子信息学院,河南 焦作 454000；2.河南理工大学 材料科学与工程学院,河南 焦作 454000

摘要: 目的 丙酮具有易挥发性和易燃易爆性，大量排放会带来环境污染和安全隐患等问题，同时也会对人体健康产生损害。开发低成本、高响应、低检测限的丙酮气体传感器对环境保护和人体健康具有重要意义，是气敏检测领域的研究热点。方法 采用绿色简单的一步水热法合成了氧化锡(SnO₂)/碳点(CDs)纳米复合材料，将含有丰富官能团的CDs原位引入SnO₂中。使用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱等技术对材料结构、形貌和组成等性质进行表征，并系统研究了SnO₂和SnO₂/CDs复合材料对丙酮的气敏传感性能。结果SnO₂和SnO₂/CDs复合材料呈四方金红石相结构，由粒径约5 nm的颗粒聚集形成空心球状，尺寸约为100~200 nm。SnO₂/CDs复合材料中空心球一端有明显凸起，并且由于碳点的引入含有更丰富的表面基团和更多的氧缺陷。SnO₂和SnO₂/CDs两种传感器对丙酮具有明显的气体选择性和循环稳定性，在最佳工作温度350℃下，复合材料传感器对100 ppm丙酮气体的灵敏度为45.4，是纯SnO₂的1.8倍。SnO₂/CDs复合材料传感器具有更低的检测限为0.11 ppm。结论 SnO₂/CDs复合材料检测性能显著提高的主要原因在于复合材料具有更大的比表面积，SnO₂和CDs之间形成异质结结构，进而增加了反应活性位点，促进气体的吸附和反应。

关键词:气体传感器；SnO₂；碳点；复合材料；一步水热法；丙酮

doi: 10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787. （ 2024040001）..

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(51571085)；河南省科技攻关计划项目(242102230080)；河南省自然科学基金资助项目(232300421203)

收稿日期：2024-04-01

修回日期：2024-06-22

网络首发日期：2026-06-04

SnO₂/carbon dots nanocomposite synthesized by one-step hydrothermal technique for acetone gas sensor (Online)

YIN Yuehong 1, CHENG Yujie 2, LI Yongchao 1, LIU Yukun 2, NIU Yifan 2, CAO Guohua 1, ZHANG Baoqing 2

1.School of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,Henan,China；2. School of Materials Science and Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,Henan,China

Abstract: Objectives Acetone is volatile, flammable and explosive, and its large amount of volatilization would bring problems such as environmental pollution and safety hazards, as well as damage to human health. The development of acetone sensors with low cost, high response and low detection limit is of great significance to environmental protection and human health, which is a research hotspot in the field of gas detection. Methods Tin oxide (SnO₂)/carbon dots (CDs) nanocomposites were synthesized using a green and simple one-step hydrothermal method, in which CDs containing abundant functional groups were introduced in situ into SnO₂. Properties such as structure, morphology and composition of the materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy and so on. The detection performance of pure SnO₂ and SnO₂/CDs composites towards acetone was systematically investigated. Results Both SnO₂ and SnO₂/CDs composites exhibit a tetragonal rutile phase structure, which consists of particles with a size of about 5 nm aggregated into hollow spheres with a size of about 100~200 nm. The SnO₂/CDs composites present hollow spheres with pronounced projections on the end and contain richer surface groups and more oxygen defects due to the introduction of CDs. The SnO₂ and SnO₂/CDs sensors exhibit significant gas selectivity and cycling stability for acetone. The sensitivity of the composite sensor for 100 ppm gas at the optimal operating temperature of 350 ℃ is 45.4, which is 1.8 times higher than that of pure SnO₂. The SnO₂/CDs composite sensor demonstrates a lower detection limit of 0.11 ppm. Conclusions The main reason for the significant improvement in the detection performance of SnO₂/CDs composites is that the composites possess a larger specific surface area, and the heterojunction structure is formed between SnO₂ and CDs, which in turn increases the active sites and promotes the adsorption and reaction of gases.

Key words: gas sensor; tin oxide; carbon dots; nanocomposite; one-step hydrothermal technique; acetone