李艳利, 李艳粉, 李林霞,等.晋城市沁河流域秋季浮游动物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系[J].河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）,2025,44(4):151-159.

LI Y L, LI Y F, LI L X, et al. Characteristics of zooplankton community structure and its relationship with environmental factors in autumn in Qinhe River Basin， Jincheng Region [J]. Journal of Henan Polytechnic University (Natural Science) , 2025, 44(4): 151-159.

晋城市沁河流域秋季浮游动物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系

李艳利1, 李艳粉2, 李林霞1, 高梦蝶1, 王明仕1

1.河南理工大学 资源环境学院，河南 焦作  454000；2.焦作大学 化工与环境工程学院，河南 焦作  454000

摘要: 目的 为了摸清晋城沁河流域浮游动物的空间分布及关键驱动因子， 方法 于2020年10—11月对山西省晋城市沁河和丹河的61个采样点的浮游动物和环境因子进行调查分析。 结果 鉴定出浮游动物4门37种，其中，轮虫动物和原生动物种类数较多，分别占总物种数的48.6%和32.4%。沁河干流和支流丹河共有优势物种2种，分别为普通表壳虫、球形砂壳虫；差异优势物种3种，分别为沁河干流的长圆砂壳虫和丹河的英勇剑水溞和无节幼体；沁河晋城段浮游动物密度为0.4~16 ind./L，以原生动物居多，生物量为0.01~164.02 μg/L，以桡足类居多；丹河中下游浮游动物密度和生物量最高；沁河晋城段浮游动物Shannon-Wiener（H'）多样性指数为0.28~2.94，均值1.28；丹河中上游点位和沁河大多点位属于α-中污染型水平，物种的优势种主要普通表壳虫和球形砂壳虫。丹河下游点位属于β-中污染水平，对应的优势物种为英勇剑水溞和无节幼体。典范对应分析结果表明：沁河晋城段浮游动物的主要驱动因子为氯离子、总氮、硝酸盐和水温。原生动物门的普通表壳虫、球形砂壳虫和长圆砂壳虫等优势种主要受硝酸盐、氨氮与化学需氧量影响，桡足类的英勇剑水溞和无节幼体与氯离子和硫酸盐显著正相关。为了阻止和缓解沁河晋城段持续退化，应减少化肥、采矿、化学材料制造的废水的排放以及增加河岸带林地和草地的比例等。 结论 研究结果可为晋城市沁河流域水环境质量评价和水资源合理利用与保护提供参考。 

关键词:浮游动物;优势种;环境因子;典范对应分析

doi: 10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2023050028

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（U1704241）；河南省科技攻关计划项目（232102320141）；水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室开放基金项目（2022SWG01）

收稿日期:2023/05/16

修回日期:2023/08/22

出版日期:2025/06/19

Characteristics of zooplankton community structure and its relationship with environmental factors in autumn in Qinhe River Basin， Jincheng Region

Li Yanli1, Li Yanfen2, Li Linxia1, Gao Mengdie1, Wang Mingshi1

1.School of Resources and Environment， Henan Polytechnic University， Jiaozuo  454000， Henan， China；2.School of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Engineering， Jiaozuo University， Jiaozuo  454000， Henan， China

Abstract: Objectives To clarify the spatial distribution patterns of zooplankton and their key driving factors， Methods a comprehensive survey was conducted at 61 sampling sites along the Qinhe and Danhe rivers in Jincheng City， Shanxi Province， during October-November 2020， with simultaneous analysis of zooplankton communities and environmental parameters. Results A total of 37 zooplankton species belong to 4 phylum were identified in this study， with Rotifera and Protozoa being the most species-rich groups， accounting for 48.6% and 32.4% of the total species richness， respectively. There are two dominant species in the main stream of Qinhe River and its tributary Danhe River， namely Arcella vulgaris and Difflugia globulosa. There are three species with differential advantages， namely Difflugia pyriformis （Qinhe mainstream）， Cyclops strennus （Danhe tributary）， and Nauplius larvae （Danhe tributary）. In the Jincheng section of the Qinhe River， zooplankton density ranged from 0.4 to 16 ind./L （predominantly Protozoa）， while biomass varied between 0.01 and 164.02 μg/L （with Copepoda being the major contributor）. The density of zooplankton in Jincheng region of the Qin River ranged from 0.4 to 16 ind./L， with the highest density of Protozoa ， while the biomass of zooplankton ranged from 0.01 to 164.02 μg/L， with Copepoda being the major contributor. The density and biomass of zooplankton atthose sites in the middle-lower reaches of the Dan River were significantly highest. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index （H'） of zooplankton in the Jincheng section of the Qinhe River ranged from 0.28 to 2.94， with the mean value 1.28. Water quality of most sites in the Qin River and upper-middle reaches of the Dan River were classified into α-medium pollution level. The dominant species were Arcella vulgaris and Difflugia globulosa at those sites. Water quality of the sites in the middle-lower reaches of the Dan River were classified into β-medium pollution level， with Cyclops strennus and Nauplius larvae serving as the dominant indicator species. The CCA （canonical correspondence analysis） showed that the main factors affected the zooplankton in the Qin River in Jincheng region were chloride， total nitrogen，nitrate and water temperature. Difflugia globulosa， Arcella vulgaris and Difflugia pyriformis these dominant protozoan species were mainly affected by nitrate， ammonia and chemical oxygen demand， while Cyclops strennus and Nauplius were significantly positive correlated with chloride and sulfate. To mitigate and reverse the ongoing degradation of the Qinhe River’s Jincheng section， it is necessary to reduce the discharge of wastewater from nitrogenous fertilizer， mining， chemical material manufacture， and increase forest and grass land in the riparian areas. Conclusions The findings provide critical references for water quality assessment， and sustainable utilization and conservation of water resources in the Qinhe River Basin of Jincheng City. 

Key words: zooplankton; dominant species; environmental parameters; canonical correspondence analysis