LEI A Y, WU R, LI J L, et al.Supply assurance and self-healing restoration strategies for critical loads in power systems against deliberate attacks[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2026,45(5):97-106.

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2025120087

Received:2025/12/27

Revised:2026/05/09

Published:2026-07-24

Supply assurance and self-healing restoration strategies for critical loads in power systems against deliberate attacks

Lei Aoyu1, Wu Rui2, Li Jialu1, Li Zelin2, Gao Yongqiang1, Zhong Xingli3, Zhou Kun4, Luo Shengyao2

1.Power Dispatching Control Center of China Southern Power Grid， Guangzhou  510663， Guangdong， China；2.NARI Technology Nanjing Control System Co.， Ltd.， Nanjing  211106， Jiangsu， China；3.Zhaotong Dispatch Control Center， Yunnan Power Grid Co.， Ltd.， Zhaotong  657000， Yunnan， China；4.Dali Dispatch Control Center， Yunnan Power Grid Co.， Ltd.， Dali  671000， Yunnan， China

Abstract: Objectives The challenges of power system self-healing restoration and critical load supply assurance under N-3 level extreme contingencies triggered by deliberate attacks were addressed. A self-healing restoration strategy framework oriented toward critical loads was constructed to address the difficulty of conventional restoration strategies in simultaneously considering contingency construction， critical-load protection， and load-shedding fairness.  Methods First， an AC power flow model was used as the basis. Critical transmission lines were identified through topological metrics， including edge betweenness centrality and node betweenness centrality. Multiple simultaneous line outages were applied， forming N-3 combinations to generate extreme contingency scenarios covering the test system. Second， a bus importance metric was constructed by integrating topology and load， achieving unified quantification of nodal structural criticality and load level. Finally， a multi-strategy iterative load shedding method was constructed within a unified framework around the proposed importance metric. Based on four baseline load-shedding strategies， a low-voltage-friendly critical-load-priority strategy was proposed， integrating a low-voltage priority queue， low-voltage micro-shedding， and generator voltage micro-boosting. An adaptive step-size adjustment and a finite-step termination mechanism were designed according to supply-rate variation and violation-improvement performance， enabling on-demand regulation of the shedding scale.  Results Simulation results show that， compared with the uniform load-shedding strategy， the proposed strategy reduces the total shed power from 812.1 MW to 54.9 MW and improves the final supply rate from 35.1% to 95.6%， while significantly reducing the proportions of overloaded lines and low-voltage buses. In addition， the critical load shedding index and the shedding proportion of high-importance buses were both reduced.  Conclusions The proposed self-healing restoration strategy enhances power-supply assurance and speeds up convergence of violation-elimination， while balancing critical-load protection with fairness in load-shedding allocation.

Key words:deliberate attacks;self-healing restoration;load shedding;critical load protection;load shedding fairness