高珊, 马联伟, 田震,等.基于离散元数值计算的螺旋滚筒装煤过程颗粒运动特性研究[J].河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）,2026,45(3):77-84.

GAO S, MA L W, TIAN Z,et al.Study on particle motion characteristics during coal loading process of spiral drum based on discrete element numerical calculation[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2026,45(3):77-84.

基于离散元数值计算的螺旋滚筒装煤过程颗粒运动特性研究

高珊1, 马联伟2, 田震1,3, 谢娟娟1

1.周口师范学院  机械与电气工程学院，河南 周口 466000；2.中国煤炭科工集团 太原研究院有限公司，山西 太原 030006；3.河南理工大学 机械与动力工程学院，河南 焦作 454003

摘要:目的 为研究采煤机螺旋滚筒装煤过程中煤炭颗粒的运动特性，分析影响螺旋滚筒装煤的主要因素，以提高采煤机的装煤性能，提出一种“实测标定-离散元建模-数值计算-工业验证”的计算机辅助数值仿真研究方法。  方法 以某型号采煤机螺旋滚筒为研究对象，基于计算机仿真核心技术，融合三维数字化建模与离散元（DEM）数值计算方法开展研究；通过煤样性质测定结果对材料本征参数进行标定，确定煤炭颗粒黏结相关参数，基于煤样性质、螺旋滚筒的结构与材料参数建立螺旋滚筒装煤过程数值计算模型；通过工业性试验对仿真计算结果进行验证，并获取螺旋滚筒包络区域内不同空间的煤炭颗粒数目与速度分布。  结果 离散元数值模拟与工业性试验的装煤率相对误差约为4.3%，验证了所建数值计算模型的准确性。仿真计算结果表明：截割过程中螺旋滚筒包络区域靠近煤壁侧的区域I和Ⅱ内煤炭颗粒数目明显高于区域Ⅲ和Ⅳ，区域I和Ⅱ内大部分煤炭颗粒在螺旋叶片作用下沿滚筒轴向向外运动；牵引速度小范围的提高可以使区域I内煤炭颗粒x，y向速度增大，z向速度由负向正变化，牵引速度变化对区域Ⅱ内煤炭颗粒速度的影响不大；提高螺旋滚筒转速可以提高区域I和Ⅱ内煤炭颗粒沿滚筒轴向流出包络区域的能力。  结论 基于离散元数值计算技术能够精准解析螺旋滚筒包络空间内不同区域煤炭颗粒的运动规律，实现多工况下颗粒运动参数的高效量化计算。研究成果可为采煤机智能运行参数匹配提供可靠的数值依据。

关键词:螺旋滚筒;装煤过程;离散元;数值计算;运动特性

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2025010012

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（51674134）；河南省科技研发计划联合基金项目（252103810103，252103810190）；河南省高等学校重点科研项目（25A440008）；周口市重点科技攻关项目 （ZKSKJGG2000132）

收稿日期:2025/01/07

修回日期:2025/07/30

出版日期:2026/04/28

Study on particle motion characteristics during coal loading process of spiral drum based on discrete element numerical calculation

Gao Shan1, Ma Lianwei2, Tian Zhen1,3, Xie Juanjuan1

1.School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering， Zhoukou Normal University， Zhoukou  466000， Henan， China；2.CCTEG Taiyuan Research Institute，Taiyuan  030006， Shanxi， China；3.School of Mechanical and Power Engineering， Henan Polytechnic University， Jiaozuo，  454003， Henan， China

Abstract: Objectives To study the particle motion characteristics of coal particles during the coal loading process of a shearer spiral drum， and to analyze the main factors affecting the coal loading performance of the spiral drum， thereby improving the coal loading efficiency of the shearer， a computer-aided numerical simulation research method combining “measured calibration-discrete element modeling-numerical calculation-industrial verification” is proposed.  Methods Taking a certain type of shearer screw drum as the research object， the study integrates 3D digital modeling and discrete element method （DEM） numerical calculation based on core computer simulation techniques. The intrinsic material parameters are calibrated using coal sample property measurements， and the bonding parameters of coal particles are determined. A numerical model of the screw drum coal loading process is established based on coal properties and the structural and material parameters of the screw drum. The simulation results are validated through industrial tests， and the number and velocity distribution of coal particles in different spatial regions within the envelope area of the screw drum are obtained.  Results The relative error of coal loading efficiency between the DEM numerical simulation and industrial tests is approximately 4.3%， verifying the accuracy of the established numerical model. The simulation results show that during the cutting process， the number of coal particles in Regions I and II （near the coal wall side within the screw drum envelope area） is significantly higher than that in Regions III and IV. In Regions I and II， most coal particles move axially outward along the drum under the action of the screw blade. A small increase in traction speed increases the x- and y- direction velocities of coal particles in Region I， while the z-direction velocity changes from negative to positive； the traction speed has little effect on particle velocity in Region II. Increasing the rotational speed of the screw drum enhances the ability of coal particles in Regions I and II to flow axially out of the envelope region.  Conclusions The discrete element numerical calculation technology can accurately analyze the motion laws of coal particles in different regions within the screw drum envelope space， enabling efficient quantitative calculation of particle motion parameters under various operating conditions. The research results provide a reliable numerical basis for the intelligent matching of shearer operating parameters.

Key words:spiral drum;coal loading process;discrete element method;numerical calculation;motion characteristics