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基于电容电压优化排序算法的M3C控制策略

王明东1, 张启帆2, 王文豪3, 李忠文1

1.郑州大学 电气与信息工程学院，河南 郑州  450001；2.国网河南省电力公司 超高压公司，河南 郑州  450001；3.国网驻马店供电公司，河南 驻马店  463000

摘要: 目的为了解决M3C的NLM策略中传统子模块电容电压排序算法比较次数较多、排序效率低，以及投入子模块数目相同时同一子模块反复投切造成开关损耗较大的问题，本文提出一种优化的排序算法。  方法通过对子模块电容电压值进行分组，用只对某一组内的电容电压值进行排序代替对所有的电容电压值进行排序，可有效避免不必要的重复排序。结合该算法，通过设置电容电压允许波动范围对子模块开关频率进行优化。结果仿真结果表明，所提优化排序算法能够在不影响电容电压均衡的情况下有效减少排序次数，缩短排序时间，且子模块开关管经过开关频率优化后降频效果显著。  结论同等条件下，优化后的排序算法可以提高排序效率，且不会对子模块电容电压及开关频率造成影响；经过开关频率优化以后，有效避免了当子模块电容电压波动较小时开关管发生反复不必要投切现象，降低了开关损耗。

关键词:模块化多电平矩阵变换器;调制策略;优化排序;开关频率

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2025090053

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（62273312）；河南省自然科学基金资助项目（212300410406）

收稿日期:2025/09/22

修回日期:2025/12/18

出版日期:2026-07-24

M3C control strategy based on capacitor voltage optimization sorting algorithm

Wang Mingdong1, Zhang Qifan2, Wang Wenhao3, Li Zhongwen1

1.School of Electrical and Information Engineering， Zhengzhou University， Zhengzhou  450001， Henan， China；2.Ultra High Voltage Company， State Grid Henan Electric Power Company， Zhengzhou  450001， Henan， China；3.State Grid Zhumadian Power Supply Company， Zhumadian  463000， Henan， China

Abstract: Objectives In order to address issues including the high number of comparisons in the traditional sub-module capacitor voltage sorting algorithm and the significant switch losses due to repeated switching of the same sub-module with the same number of sub-modules，an optimized sorting algorithm was proposed.  Methods This algorithm grouped the capacitor voltage values of the sub-modules and performed sorting only within each group， effectively avoiding unnecessary repetitive sorting. Furthermore， by setting the allowable range of capacitor voltage fluctuations， the switch frequency of the sub-modules was optimized.  Results Simulation results demonstrated that the proposed optimization sorting algorithm effectively reduced the number of sorting times and shortened the sorting time without affecting the capacitor voltage balance. Moreover， after switch frequency optimization， the switching frequency of the sub-module switches was significantly reduced.  Conclusions Under the same conditions， the optimized sorting algorithm improved sorting efficiency without affecting the sub-module capacitor voltage and switch frequency. After the switch frequency optimization， unnecessary repetitive switching of the switches was effectively avoided when the sub-module capacitor voltage fluctuated slightly， reducing and the switching losses was reduced.

Key words:modular multilevel matrix converter;modulation strategy;optimize sorting;switching frequency