张盛, 徐瑞泽, 刘佳伟,等.极软厚煤层切顶卸压沿空留巷主动超前支护技术研究[J].河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）,2025,44(4):83-93.

ZHANG S, XU R Z, LIU J W, et al. Research on active advanced support technology for gob-side entry retaining with roof cutting and pressure relief in ultra-soft thick coal seams [J]. Journal of Henan Polytechnic University (Natural Science) , 2025, 44(4): 83-93.

极软厚煤层切顶卸压沿空留巷主动超前支护技术研究

张盛1, 徐瑞泽1, 刘佳伟1, 朱让河2, 马强2, 王高尚3, 张帆3, 赵龙刚4

1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院，河南 焦作  454000；2.河南省许昌新龙矿业有限责任公司，河南 禹州  461670；3.河南省新密市恒业有限公司和成煤矿，河南 新密  452370；4.河南永锦能源有限公司，河南 禹州  461670

摘要: 目的 切顶卸压沿空留巷技术在我国煤矿开采中应用广泛，但在极软厚煤层回采巷道切顶卸压沿空留巷时，存在帮部煤体松软、巷道高度大，传统被动式超前支护容易破坏顶板且影响作业空间等问题，需要对留巷的超前支护技术进行研究。 方法 以梁北矿32021机巷为工程背景，建立预裂切顶前后的巷道超前段围岩稳定性力学模型，分析切顶卸压前后留巷超前段顶板受力特征和变形规律，揭示受预裂切顶影响的超前段巷道围岩变形机理；采用FALC3D数值软件模拟分析定向爆破切顶条件下回采巷道的应力分布特征；提出主动式锚索梁协同锚固方案，设计超前主动支护参数，并进行现场应用。 结果 结果表明，预裂切顶能有效切断顶板之间的应力传递，使留巷超前段顶板围岩处于应力降低区，切顶后工作面与留巷交界处悬顶面积减小；经数值模拟验证，所给出的锚网索梁锚固方案在主动支护后能够有效控制巷道超前阶段围岩变形，并有利于保持留巷的长期稳定；主动超前支护现场应用后，巷道顶底板移近量最大不超过80 mm，顶板变形量减小了35%，且能够最大程度保持巷道顶板的完整性。 结论 提出的主动式超前支护技术能够解决空间狭小、劳动强度大和顶板被反复支撑破坏等问题，对于类似矿井条件下沿空留巷的超前支护有重要的参考价值。 

关键词:极软厚煤层;超前支承压力;主动超前支护技术;切顶卸压沿空留巷

doi: 10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024030061

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（52374086，52174074）

收稿日期:2024/03/21

修回日期:2024/08/15

出版日期:2025/06/19

Research on active advanced support technology for gob-side entry retaining with roof cutting and pressure relief in ultra-soft thick coal seams

Zhang Sheng1, Xu Ruize1, Liu Jiawei1, Zhu Ranghe2, Ma Qiang2, Wang Gaoshang3, Zhang Fan3, Zhao Longgang4

1.School of Energy Science and Engineering， Henan Polytechnic University， Jiaozuo  454000， Henan， China；2.Henan Xuchang Xinlong Mining Co.， Ltd.， Yuzhou  461670， Henan， China；3.Henan Xinmi Hengye Co.， Ltd.， Hecheng Coal Mine， Xinmi  452370， Henan， China；4.Henan Yongjin Energy Co.， Ltd.， Yuzhou  461670， Henan， China

Abstract: Objectives Roof cutting and pressure relief gob-side entry retaining technology is widely used in coal mining in China. However， in the case of extremely soft and thick coal seam roadways， challenges such as soft coal on the sidewalls and large roadway heights arise. Traditional passive advanced support techniques often lead to roof damage and limited working space. Therefore， it is essential to develop advanced support technologies for retained roadways. Methods Taking the 32021 roadway in Liangbei Coal Mine as the engineering background， a mechanical model was established to analyze the stability of the surrounding rock in the advance section of the roadway before and after pre-splitting roof cutting. The stress characteristics and deformation patterns of the roof in the advance section were studied， revealing the deformation mechanism of the surrounding rock influenced by pre-splitting roof cutting. Numerical simulations using FALC3D software were conducted to analyze the stress distribution of the roadway under directional blasting roof cutting conditions. An active anchor cable beam collaborative anchoring scheme was proposed， support parameters for active advanced support were designed， and the field applications were performed. Results The results indicated that the pre-splitting roof cutting effectively interrupted stress transfer between roof layers， placing the surrounding rock of the advance section in a stress reduction zone and reducing the hanging roof area at the junction of the working face and the retained roadway. Numerical simulations validated that the proposed anchor net cable beam could effectively control the deformation of the surrounding rock in the advance section after active support， contributing to the long-term stability of the roadway. Field applications demonstrated that the maximum displacement of the roof and floor did not exceed 80 mm， roof deformation was reduced by 35%， and the integrity of the roadway roof was significantly preserved. Conclusions The proposed active advanced support technology addresses challenges such as narrow working spaces， high labor intensity， and repetitive roof support damage. It offers valuable insights for implementing advanced support methods for gob-side entry retaining under similar mining conditions. 

Key words: ultra-soft thick coal seam; advanced support pressure; active advanced support technology; roof cutting gob-side entry retaining