郭文兵，葛志博，胡玉杭，等.风积沙非充分采动地表移动规律研究［J］.河南理工大学学报（自然科学版），doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024070030

GUO W B，GE Z B，HU Y H，et al. Study on the movement law of aeolian sand surface without sufficient mining［J］.Journal of Henan Polytechnic University（Natural Science），doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024070030

风积沙非充分采动地表移动规律研究(网络首发)

郭文兵^1,2，葛志博¹，胡玉杭¹，杨伟强¹，胡超群¹，王宇¹

（1. 河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院, 河南 焦作 454000；2．煤炭安全生产与清洁高效利用省部共建协同创新中心，河南 焦作 454000）

摘要: [目的] 为研究风积沙地貌非充分采动地表移动变形规律，[方法] 以门克庆煤矿11-3105工作面为研究背景，通过建立地表移动观测站对研究区域地表移动进行连续监测，结合理论分析对风积沙地貌地表移动变形规律进行研究。[结果] 实测数据表明：大采深风积沙地貌非充分采动条件下，地表走向、倾向最大下沉值分别为423，464 mm，地表沉降量较小，说明地表沉降响应表现反应缓和，计算得出最大下沉速度滞后距，为401 m，最大下沉速度滞后角为60.97°；结合关键层理论和固支梁挠度分析，发现工作面上覆岩层在沉降传导过程中会出现离层空间，揭示了地表在风积沙缓冲作用下沉降较小的机理。通过对地表移动持续时间进行深入研究，以微积分和几何学为基础构建了地表移动持续时间“面积”计算模型，给出了地表移动持续时间计算公式，并对11-3105工作面（超）充分采动区域的测点和10个不同矿区进行地表移动持续时间分别进行预测，该工作面部分测点预测值与实测值最小误差为 5d，最大误差为10 d；针对10个不同矿区预测值与实测值最小误差为4 d，最大误差为34 d，与实测结果吻合程度较高，验证了“面积”计算模型的预测精度和合理性。[结论] 研究结果丰富了煤矿开采地表移动规律的内容，对开采沉陷区建筑物利用保护及土地复垦等具有重要指导意义。

关键词: 大采深；风积沙地貌；地表持续移动时间；地表沉陷；移动变形规律

中图分类号：TD325

doi: 10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024070030

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（U21A20108）

收稿日期：2024-07-08

修回日期：2024-11-28

网络首发日期：2024-12-13

Study on the movement law of aeolian sand surface without sufficient mining

GUO Wenbing^1,2，GE Zhibo¹，HU Yuhang¹，YANG Weiqiang¹，HU Chaoqun¹，WANG Yu¹

(1. School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan, China; 2. State Collaborative Innovative Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean-efficiency Utilization, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan, China)

Abstract: [Objective] In order to study the movement and deformation of the surface of the insufficiently mined aeolian sand landform, [Methods] Taking the working face 11-3105 of Menkeqing Coal Mine as the research background, the surface movement in the study area was continuously monitored by establishing a surface movement observation station, and the surface movement and deformation law of aeolian sand landform were studied by combining theoretical analysis. [Results] The measured data show that the maximum subsidence values of the surface trend and tendency are 423mm and 464mm, respectively, and the surface subsidence is small, indicating that the surface subsidence response is moderate, and the maximum subsidence velocity lag distance is 401m, and the maximum subsidence velocity hysteresis angle is 60.97°. Combined with the theory of key layers and the deflection analysis of the fixed support beam, it is found that there will be a separation space in the overlying rock layer on the working face during the settlement conduction process, which reveals the mechanism of small settlement on the surface under the buffering action of aeolian sand. Through the in-depth study of the duration of surface movement, the "area" calculation model of the duration of surface movement was constructed on the basis of calculus and geometry, the formula for calculating the duration of surface movement was given, and the duration of surface movement was predicted for the measurement points in the (super) full mining area of the 11-3105 working face and 10 different mining areas, and the minimum error between the predicted value and the measured value of some measurement points in the working face was 5d, and the maximum error was 10d. For 10 different mining areas, the minimum error between the predicted value and the measured value is 4d, and the maximum error is 34d, which is in good agreement with the measured results, which verifies the prediction accuracy and rationality of the "area" calculation model. [Conclusion] It enriches the content of the surface movement law of coal mining, and has important guiding significance for the utilization and protection of buildings and land reclamation in mining subsidence areas.

Key words: large mining depth; aeolian sand landforms; the duration of surface movement; surface subsidence; the law of movement deformation

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