贾后省，冯登高，汪胜，等. 同轴式快速扩孔技术与试验研究［J］.河南理工大学学报（自然科学版），doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024040032

JIA  H S，FENG D G，WANG S, et al. Coaxial rapid reaming technology and experimental study of shallow surrounding rock of roadway［J］.Journal of Henan Polytechnic University（Natural Science），doi: 10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024040032

同轴式快速扩孔技术与试验研究(网络首发)

贾后省^1,2，冯登高¹，汪胜³，连小勇⁴，王国营^1,2，付孟雄^1,2，张志明¹

（1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院，河南 焦作 454000；2.煤炭安全生产与清洁高效利用省部共建协同创新中心，河南 焦作 454000；3.川煤集团华荣能源有限公司绿水洞煤矿，四川 广安 638600；4.尤洛卡〈山东〉矿业科技有限公司，山东 泰安 271000）

摘要: [目的] 煤矿巷道常见的锚固孔扩孔、卸压孔与异型支护材料安装孔等钻扩孔作业时需要进行大量围岩浅部扩孔，现有浅部扩孔方法主要采用常规分次扩孔，在完成小直径钻孔后，使用扩孔钻头浅部扩孔分次成孔，施工工序复杂，且深部小直径钻孔与浅部扩孔难以保证同轴心，影响了钻进效率和扩孔质量。 [方法] 针对该问题，提出一种巷道围岩浅部同轴一体式快速扩孔方法，在深部钻孔过程中，无需改变钻进工序，采用具有连接结构的扩孔钻头连接最外侧钻杆，同时实现深部钻孔与浅部扩孔，并利用钻孔深部小直径钻头的定向，确保深部小直径钻孔与浅部大直径扩孔处于同轴心。据此，依据单级、双级及多级钻进的截齿布置思路，并结合现有的钻头与截齿结构进行设计优化，分别提出了单排截齿型、双排截齿型、锥形截齿型等三种典型的扩孔钻头结构，并围绕扩孔区围岩的应力应变特征、扩孔时钻杆振动特征、钻进速度等三个层面进行了模拟分析。[结果] 结果表明：相较于单排截齿型与双排截齿型扩孔钻头，锥形截齿型扩孔钻头截齿位置围岩仅在小范围内出现了应力集中，扩孔区内壁围岩受钻头扰动轻微，并且钻杆横向振动半径、振动速度、振动加速度的波动更为缓和，钻头稳定性更好，钻进速度更快。同时，对同轴式快速扩孔技术及锥形截齿型扩孔钻头进行了实验室试验和现场试验，[结论] 相较于常规分次扩孔，同轴一体式快速扩孔的扩孔效率、质量及稳定性均较好，现场应用中浅部扩孔效率提升了32%，巷道围岩浅部扩孔效果理想。

关键词: 浅部扩孔；扩孔钻头；同轴式；锥形截齿

中图分类号：TD353

doi: 10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024040032

基金项目: 中原英才计划—中原青年拔尖人才项目（2021）（QB-26）；河南省高校科技创新人才项目（22HASTIT010）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（52074102）

项目（222300420045）

收稿日期：2024-04-18

修回日期：2024-07-17

网络首发日期：2025-05-06

Coaxial rapid reaming technology and experimental study of

shallow surrounding rock of roadway

JIA Housheng^1,2，FENG Denggao¹，WANG Sheng³，LIAN Xiaoyong⁴，WANG Guoying^1,2，FU Mengxiong^1,2，ZHANG Zhiming¹

(1.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan, China; 2. State Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean-efficiency Utilization, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan, China; 3. Sichuan Coal Group Huarong Energy Co., Ltd., Lushuidong Coal Mine, Guang'an 638000 ,Sichuan, China; 4. Uroica〈Shandong〉Mining Technology Co., Ltd., Taian 271000, Shandong, China)

Abstract: [Objective] A large number of shallow reaming of the surrounding rock are required during drilling and reaming operations such as anchor hole reaming, pressure relief hole and special-shaped support material installation hole in coal mine roadway, and the existing shallow reaming methods mainly adopt conventional sequential reaming, and after completing the small-diameter drilling, the shallow reaming of the reaming bit is used to form the hole in stages, the construction process is complex, and the deep small-diameter drilling and the shallow reaming are difficult to ensure the coaxial center, which affects the drilling efficiency and the quality of reaming. [Methods] In order to solve this problem, a shallow coaxial integrated rapid reaming method of roadway surrounding rock was proposed. In the process of deep drilling, there is no need to change the drilling process, the reaming bit with the connecting structure is used to connect the outermost drill pipe, and the deep drilling and shallow reaming are realized simultaneously, and the orientation of the deep small diameter drill bit is used to ensure that the deep small diameter drilling and the shallow large diameter reaming are in the same axis. Accordingly, according to the pick arrangement ideas of single-stage, two-stage and multi-stage drilling, and combined with the design optimization of the existing drill bit and pick structure, three typical reaming bit structures were proposed, including single-row pick, double-row pick, and conical pick, respectively, and the simulation analysis was carried out at three levels: the stress-strain characteristics of the surrounding rock in the reaming area, the vibration characteristics of the drill pipe during reaming, and the drilling speed. [Results] The results show that compared with the single-row pick-type and double-row pick-type reaming bits, the stress concentration in the surrounding rock at the pick position of the conical pick-type reaming bit is only in a small range, and the surrounding rock on the wall of the reaming area is slightly disturbed by the drill bit, and the fluctuations of the transverse vibration radius, vibration velocity and vibration acceleration of the drill pipe are more moderate, the drill bit stability is better, and the drilling speed is faster. At the same time, laboratory tests and field tests were carried out on the coaxial rapid reaming construction technology and the conical pick reaming bit. [Conclusion] Compared with the conventional fractional reaming technology, the reaming efficiency, quality and stability of the coaxial rapid reaming technology are better, the shallow reaming efficiency is increased by 32% in field application, and the shallow reaming effect of the roadway surrounding rock is ideal.

Key words: shallow reaming; reaming bit; coaxial; conical pick

CLC: