张建,赵海峰,任华纯,等.秦楚隧道碳质板岩强度和崩解特性试验研究[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版)，doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024090011.

ZHAN J, ZHAO H F, REN H C, et al． Experimental study on the strength and disintegration characteristics of carbonaceous SLATE in Qinchu tunnel[J]. Journal of Henan Polytechnic University (Natural Science), doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024090011.

秦楚隧道碳质板岩强度和崩解特性试验研究(网络首发)

张建¹，赵海峰¹，任华纯¹，彭勃¹，刘伟¹，张慧梅²，符晓²

（1. 中铁十二局集团第四工程有限公司，陕西 西安 710021；2. 西安科技大学 建筑与土木工程学院，陕西 西安 710054）

摘要:

在隧道建设期间，由于层状岩石结构易于引发拱顶坍塌、初期支护开裂等问题，因此对层状岩石力学特征进行深入剖析具有重大的工程实用价值。碳质板岩作为层状变质岩中的一种典型岩体，层间胶结程度差且易破碎，这将导致隧道掘进穿越碳质板岩时发生严重的结构损伤，岩体强度大幅度下降，力学性能发生变化。 目的 为了剖析碳质板岩的力学特性，明晰碳质板岩的崩解机理。 方法 本文以碳质板岩为研究对象，开展了静态崩解试验、单轴压缩试验、三轴压缩试验，分析了不同含水状态、不同层理面角度影响下板岩的力[1]学性能，并讨论了岩样变形破坏模式以及崩解机理。 结果 研究结果表明：(1)干燥状态试样峰值强度更高，峰值前曲线变化趋势近似线性关系，塑性破坏突然，干燥试样弹性模量比自然及饱和条件的试样高。峰值强度后试样（干燥、自然）表现出不同程度的脆性跌落现象，而饱和状态下试样峰值(23.02 MPa)后强度仍可维持(21 MPa左右)；(2)多次崩解循环后弱风化板岩崩解程度较低，水分子进入岩体导致胶结键破坏并促使形成碎块状是中风化岩崩解的原因；全风化及强风化板岩吸水膨胀同时产生不均匀应力推动岩样完全崩解。 结论 研究结果可为类似条件下软岩隧道施工大变形和破坏的控制提供研究基础。

关键词:隧道工程；碳质板岩；崩解特性；力学性能

doi: 10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024090011

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（12172280）

收稿日期：2024-09-05

修回日期：2025-04-21

网络首发日期：2025-05-14

Experimental study on the strength and disintegration characteristics of carbonaceous SLATE in Qinchu tunnel(Online)

ZHANG Jian¹, ZHAO Haifeng¹, REN Huachun¹, PENG Bo¹, LIU Wei¹, ZHANG Huimei², FU Xiao²

(1. China Railway 12th Bureau Group Fourth Engineering Co., Ltd., Xi'an 307100, Shaanxi; 2 School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China.)

Abstract: During the construction of the tunnel, because the layered rock structure is easy to cause problems such as vault collapse and initial support cracking, it is of great engineering practical value to deeply analyze the mechanical characteristics of layered rock. As a typical rock mass in layered metamorphic rock, carbonaceous slate has poor interlayer cementation and is easy to break, which will lead to serious structural damage when tunneling through carbonaceous slate. The strength of rock mass decreases greatly and the mechanical properties change. Objectives In order to analyze the mechanical properties of carbonaceous slate and clarify the disintegration mechanism of carbonaceous slate.  Methods In this paper, the static disintegration test, uniaxial compression test and triaxial compression test were carried out with carbonaceous slate as the research object. The mechanical properties of slate under different water contents and different bedding angles were analyzed, and the deformation failure mode and disintegration mechanism of rock samples were discussed. Results The results show that : (1) The peak strength of the sample in the dry state is higher, the change trend of the curve before the peak is approximately linear, the plastic failure is sudden, and the elastic modulus of the dry sample is higher than that of the natural and saturated conditions. After the peak strength, the sample (dry, natural) showed different degrees of brittle drop phenomenon, while the peak strength of the saturated sample (23.02MPa) can still be maintained (about 21MPa) ; (2) After multiple disintegration cycles, the disintegration degree of weakly weathered slate is low, and the reason for the disintegration of moderately weathered rock is that water molecules enter the rock mass to cause the destruction of cementation bonds and promote the formation of broken blocks. The water absorption and expansion of fully weathered and strongly weathered slate at the same time produce uneven stress to promote the complete disintegration of rock samples. Conclusions The research results can provide a research basis for the control of large deformation and failure of soft rock tunnel construction under similar conditions.

Key words: tunnel engineering; carbonaceous SLATE; disintegrability; mechanical property