蒋敏敏，赵腾飞，张一博，赵寿刚，兰雁，杜卫兵，杨浩明，王辉，侯佼建，代志宇. 考虑降雨和土质影响的半湿润区引水河道周边地下水位变化规律研究[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版), doi: 10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024110032.

LI B C，JIANG M M，ZHAO T F，ZHANG Y B，ZHAO S G，LAN Y，DU W B，YANG H M， WANG H，HOU J J，DAI Z Y. Study on the variation of ground water level around diversion channel under the influence of rainfall and soil property in subhumid zone[J]. Journal of Henan Polytechnic University( Natural Science), doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673- 9787. 2024110032.

考虑降雨和土质影响的半湿润区引水河道周边地下水位变化规律研究(网络首发)

蒋敏敏 ¹，赵腾飞 ¹，张一博 ^2，3，赵寿刚 ^2，3，兰雁 ^2，3，杜卫兵 ⁴，

杨浩明 ^2，3，王辉 ⁴，侯佼建 ^2，3，代志宇 ^2，3

（1.河南工业大学 土木工程学院，河南 郑州 450001；2.黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院，河南 郑州 450003；3.水利部堤防安全与病害防治工程技术研究中心，河南 郑州 450003；4.河南省引江济淮工程有限公司，河南 郑州 450000）

摘要: 目的 土质河床引水渠道易发生地下水渗漏问题，基于土质河床引水渠道地下水渗漏防控需求，本研究聚焦半湿润季风气候区地下水位动态响应机制，重点揭示降雨量和土质对引水河道周边地下水位变化规律的影响。 方法 通过对引江济淮工程河南段典型断面地下水位进行现场实测，研究降雨特性和地层渗透性对地下水位、水位变化速率等的影响规律，以及地下水位变幅与降雨量的关系。 结果 结果表明：短期强降雨作用下，地下水位呈现突变式抬升，水位变化速率峰值相对降雨峰值存在1~3d的滞后响应期，渗透性较大的土层，地下水位上升速率明显较快，达2 116mm/d。长期连续中小雨作用下，地下水位上升缓慢，水位变化速率峰值出现在降雨结束当天或降雨后1天，渗透性较大的土层中，地下水向周边的水平流动效应增强，地下水位变化速率峰值较小，仅为209mm/d。季节性水位变化不仅受季节性累计降雨量影响，还受降雨特性和土层渗透性的影响，短期大暴雨易导致季节性平均水位升高。定量分析表明地下水位变幅随累计降雨量的增大呈指数增长，指数参数受土层渗透性影响显著，渗透性强的砂土层和渗透性弱的粉质黏土、粘土层分别为1.44和0.68。 结论 研究了降雨-地层-渗流的动态响应机理，为类似工程环境的引调水工程渗漏防控设计、运行调度提供了理论依据与技术支撑。

关键词: 地下水位；水位变幅；降雨量；土层渗透性

中图分类号：TV93　　

doi: 10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787. 2024110032

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51408197）；引江济淮工程（河南段）工程科研服务项目（HNYJJH/JS/FWKY-2021001）；河南省教育厅自然科学基金项目（23B560002）；水利部堤防安全与病害防治工程技术研究中心开放基金项目（LSDP202301）；河南省粮油仓储建筑与安全重点实验室开放基金项目（2021KF-B03）

收稿日期：2024-11-17

修回日期：2025-02-27

网络首发日期：2024-08-08

Study on the variation of ground water level around diversion channel under the influence of rainfall and soil property in subhumid zone (Online)

Jiang Minmin¹， Zhao Tengfei ¹， Zhang Yibo ^2，3※， Zhao Shougang ^2，3， Lan Yan ^2，3，

Du Weibing ⁴， Yang Haoming ^2，3， Wang Hui ⁴， Hou Jiaojian ^2，3， Dai Zhiyu ^2，3

（1.College of Civil Engineering，Henan University of Technology，Zhengzhou 450001，Henan，China；2.Yellow River Water Conservancy Science Research Institute，Yellow River Water Conservancy Commission，Zhengzhou 450003，Henan，China；3.Engineering Technology Research Center for Dike Safety and Disease Prevention and Control，Ministry of Water Resources，Zhengzhou 450003，Henan，China；4. Henan Province Yangtze-to-Huaihe Water Diversion Project Co., Ltd.，Zhengzhou 450000，Henan，China）

Abstract: Objectives Groundwater leakage is prone to occur in the diversion channel of earth bed. Based on the demand for prevention and control of groundwater leakage in earth riverbed diversion channels, this study focused on the dynamic groundwater level response mechanism in semi humid monsoon climate zones, emphasize was put on reveal the influence of rainfall and soil property on variation of groundwater level around the diversion channel. Methods Through the field measurement of groundwater level in typical sections of Yangtze River to Huaihe River Diversion Project, the influence of rainfall intensity and duration characteristics and soil permeability characteristics on groundwater level, groundwater level change rate, and the relationship between the of groundwater level variation amplitude and rainfall are studied. Results We The result shows that: under the action of short-term heavy rainfall, the groundwater level show a sudden rise, and the peak rate of water level change lagged behind the peak rainfall by 1 to 3 days. The rising rate of groundwater level is obviously faster in the soil layer with larger permeability, up to 2116 mm/d. Under the action of long-term continuous light rain, the groundwater level rose slowly, and the change rate of the water level peaked on the day after the rain or one day after the rain. In the soil layer with larger permeability, the effect of groundwater flowing to the periphery was enhanced, and the peak value of groundwater level change rate is only 209 mm/d. Seasonal water level variation is affected by seasonal cumulative rainfall, also by rainfall characteristics and soil permeability characteristics. Short-term heavy rain is easy to cause seasonal mean water level to increase. Quantitative analysis show that the variation range of groundwater level increases exponentially with the increase of accumulated rainfall, and the index parameter is significantly affected by soil permeability characteristics. The index parameters of sand layer with strong permeability and silty clay and clay layer with weak permeability are 1.44 and 0.68, respectively. Conclusions The dynamic response mechanism of rainfall-soil strata-seepage was studied, and the research findings can offer theoretical grounds and technical support for the design and operation scheduling of leakage prevention and control in similar engineering environments for water diversion project.

Key words：Ground water level; Water level variation amplitude; Precipitation; Soil permeability

CLC: TV93