LIU Y F，ZHANG C．Physical simulation and impact analysis of large-scale tailings dam rreach Based on multi-dource densing monitoring［J］.Journal of Henan Polytechnic University( Natural Science)，doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787. 2025030071

doi: 10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2023050071

Received：2025-03-29

Revised：2025-05-28

Online：2025-06-12

Physical simulation and impact analysis of large-scale tailings dam reach Based on multi-dource densing monitoring

Liu Yongfeng^1,2，Zhang Chao³

(1.College of Resources and Safety Engineering, Chongqing University，Chongqing 400044;2.Shenzhen Zhongjin Lingnan Nonferrous Metals Co., Ltd.，Shenzhen Zhongjin Lingnan Nonferrous Metals Co., Ltd.；3.State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences，Wuhan 430071, Hubei)

Abstract: [Objective] To investigate the evolution mechanisms of pore water pressure, earth pressure, and the impact characteristics of tailings flow during dam breach. [Methods] a 1:100 scaled physical model was constructed based on a large valley-type tailings reservoir in Guangdong, China. Multi-source sensing technologies, including pore water pressure sensors, earth pressure sensors, trinocular cameras, and PIV systems, were integrated to monitor the breaching process. [Results] The results demonstrate: (1) Pore water pressure exhibits a three-phase evolution pattern: "stepwise increase during impoundment, sharp decline during breaching, and gradual dissipation," with a 40% faster dissipation rate near the dam body compared to the reservoir tail; (2) Breach flow shows a nonlinear positive correlation with sediment stripping amount, reaching a peak flow of 2.4 million m³ and a maximum velocity of 2.6 m/s at the breach; (3) Downstream tailings flow velocity distribution is controlled by terrain roughness, presenting a "hump-shaped" profile in central channels that transitions to a "double-hump" pattern under increased discharge, while vertical velocity gradients follow a "fast center, slow sides" characteristic, with vorticity peaks positively correlated with roughness. [Conclusion] The proposed "double-hump velocity model" provides a novel methodology for tailings dam risk assessment and downstream protection design, offering critical technical support for the safety management of high-potential-energy tailings reservoirs.

Key words: tgailings dam; physical simulation; multi-source sensing monitoring; breach flow dynamics; double-hump velocity model

CLC: