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CHI G M, CHEN S S, WANG W, et al. Research on zoning of ecological restoration  in mining area based on Entropy-weighted Extension Matter-element Model： A case study of Huojitu Mine[J]. Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) , 2025, 44(3): 119-129.

基于熵权可拓物元模型的矿区生态修复区域划分研究

迟国铭1, 陈苏社2, 王巍2, 王世东3, 朱志勇3, 焦轶恒3, 陈志超3

1.国能神东煤炭集团大柳塔煤矿，陕西 神木  719315；2.国能神东煤炭集团有限责任公司技术研究院，陕西 神木  719315；3.河南理工大学 测绘与国土信息工程学院，河南 焦作  454000

摘要:正确评估与划分生态修复区是进行生态系统恢复与重建的重要前提和依据，对提升生态环境质量具有重要意义。  目的 针对矿区生态修复区域划分研究较为匮乏问题，  方法 以大柳塔煤矿活鸡兔井为研究区，选取土壤养分、植被覆盖度、土地损毁程度和地形位指数构建评价指标体系，利用熵权可拓物元模型进行矿区生态修复区域划分。  结果 结果表明：（1）熵权可拓物元模型避免了主观因素的影响，能够将多个指标融合，进行统一的定量分级，为矿区生态修复区域划分提供了重要的方法支撑。（2）研究区露天矿扰动区、井工矿扰动区和城镇扰动区面积分别为10.81，33.05，5.96 km⟡，共占研究区总面积的44.47%。从扰动区内部结构看，扰动区划分结果包括人工重度干预修复区、人工辅助干预修复区和自然恢复区3种类型，其中，人工重度干预修复区面积为25.58 km⟡，占研究区总面积的22.83%；人工辅助干预修复区面积为17.78 km⟡，占研究区总面积的15.87%；自然恢复区面积为6.46 km⟡，占研究区总面积的5.77%。（3）针对研究区不同扰动区的不同生态修复区域类型，提出不同的修复方案。自然恢复区采用自然复绿手段；井工矿内的人工辅助干预修复区采用引进优势种、土壤精确施肥等手段；人工重度干预修复区采用调整采矿布局、削坡填平、改良土壤等手段。  结论 研究结果可为矿区生态修复项目提供参考。

关键词:矿区;生态修复区域划分;熵权可拓物元模型;活鸡兔井

doi: 10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024030082

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（U22A20620）；中国神华能源股份有限公司神东煤炭分公司委托项目（技术研究院HT （2023）16号）

收稿日期:2024/03/29

修回日期:2024/06/26

出版日期:2025-04-18

Research on zoning of ecological restoration  in mining area based on Entropy-weighted Extension Matter-element Model： A case study of Huojitu Mine

CHI Guoming, CHEN Sushe2, WANG Wei2, WANG Shidong3, ZHU Zhiyong3, JIAO Yiheng3, CHEN Zhichao3

1.Daliuta Coal Mine， China Energy Shengdong Coal Group Co.， Ltd.， Shenmu  719315， Shaanxi， China；2.CHN Energy Shendong Coal Technology Research Institute， Shenmu  719315， Shaanxi， China；3.School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering， Henan Polytechnic University， Jiaozuo  454000， Henan， China

Abstract: The accutae assessment and zoning of ecological restoration area is an important premise and foundation for ecosystem restoration and reconstruction， which is of great significance to improve the quality of the ecological environment. Objectives To address the relative lack of research on ecological restoration zoning in mining areas， Methods In this context， this paper takes the Huojitu mine of Daliuta coal mine as the study area. An evaluation index system was constructed based on selects soil nutrients， vegetation coverage， land damage degree， and topographic location index. The Entropy-weighted Extension Matter-element Model was then applied to delineate ecological restoration zones.  Results The results show， （1） The selected model avoids the influence of subjective factors on the weights， and can integrate multiple indicators for unified quantitative grading， providing methodological support for zoning the ecological restoration areas. （2） The disturbance areas of open-pit mines， underground mines， and urban areas in the research area covers 10.81， 33.05， and 5.96 km⟡， respectively， accounting for 44.47% of the total area of the research area. From the perspective of internal structure， the disturbance zones are classified into three restoration types，intensive artificial intervention restoration areas， assisted artificial intervention restoration areas and natural restoration areas. Among them， intensive artificial intervention restoration areas cover 25.58 km⟡， accounting for 22.83% of the total area of the study area； assisted artificial intervention restoration areas cover 17.78 km⟡， accounting for 15.87% of that； natural restoraion areas cover 6.46 km⟡， accounting for 5.77% of that. （3） For different ecological restoration area types in disturbance zones， different restoration plans are presented. Natural restoration areas adopt natural greening methods； the assisted artificial intervention restoration areas adopts methods such as introducing advantageous species and precise soil fertilization； intensive artificial intervention restoration areas adopts methods such as adjusting mining layout， slope cutting and filling， and improving soil. Conclusions The results of the study can provide reference for ecological restoration projects in mining areas.

Key words: mining; zoning of ecological restoration; entropy-weighted extension matter-element model; Huojitu Coal Mine