杜学领.锚杆拉拔模拟中平衡状态对模拟结果的影响研究[J].河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）,2021,40(3):10-17.

DU X L.Study of the influence of equilibrium states on results of rock bolt pull-out numerical simulation[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2021,40(3):10-17.

锚杆拉拔模拟中平衡状态对模拟结果的影响研究

杜学领

贵州理工学院 矿业工程学院，贵州 贵阳550003

摘要:为了分析锚杆拉拔模拟中不同平衡状态对模拟结果的影响，采用数值模拟方法在 FLAC3D中利用Cable结构单元建立锚杆模型，并通过拉拔试验研究不同平衡状态、不同建模方式对锚固效果的影响。结果表明：从轴向应力的演化趋势看，是否计算锚杆安装后锚杆与围岩的二次平衡并不影响锚杆拉拔试验中轴向力的演化趋势，但会影响到轴向力的数量级和锚固系统失效的时间；从相对时步而言，钻孔内锚固平衡对模拟结果的影响较小，由于钻孔内锚固平衡后运算时步会显著增加，若考虑围岩应力释放和锚杆滞后发挥支护作用则不能忽略钻孔内锚固平衡状态，若仅评价锚杆参数改变对支护效果的最终影响，则无需考虑钻孔内锚固平衡问题；与锚杆接触实体单元属性要比Cable本身的锚固剂参数对模拟结果的影响更为显著。

关键词:FLAC3D;锚杆支护;数值模拟;巷道支护;平衡状态;拉拔试验

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2019090074

基金项目:贵州理工学院高层次人才科研启动项目（0203001018029 ”国家自然科学基金资助项目（51764010 ”国家安监总局安全生产重大事故防治关键技术科技项目（guizhou-0005-2018AQ）；国家留学基金资助项目（201908520017 ）

收稿日期:2019/09/19

修回日期:2020/03/20

出版日期:2021/05/15

Study of the influence of equilibrium states on results of rock bolt pull-out numerical simulation

DU Xueling

Institute of Mining Engineering， Guizhou Institute of Technology， Guvyang 550003 ， Guizhou， China

Abstract:In order to analyze the influence of different equilibrium state on results of bolt pull-out numerical simulation， the numerical simulation method was used to establish the anchor model in the FLAC3D by using the Cable structural element， and the influence of different equilibrium state and different modeling method on the anchoring effect was studied by pull-out tests. The results showed that from the trend of axial stress evolution ，whether to calculate the secondary balance between the anchor and the surrounding rock after the installation of the anchor did not affect the evolution of the axial force in the bolt pull-out test， but it would affect the magnitude of the force and the time the anchor system failed. From the relative cycle steps， the anchoring balance in the borehole had little effect on the simulation results， but the calculation time would significantly increase after considering the anchoring balance in the borehole. If the stress release of the surrounding rock and the delay working of the bolt were taken into account， the anchoring equilibrium state in the borehole should not be neglected. If only the final influence of the bolt parameters change on the supporting effect was evaluated， there was no need to consider the anchoring balance in the borehole. The effect of the zones' properties in contact with the Cable was more significant than the impact of the grout parameters on the simulation results.

Key words:FLAC3D;rock bolting;numerical simulation;roadway support;equilibrium state;pull-out test