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LI D H, LI Z X, LI Z,et al. Experimental study on anisotropy and dispersion characteristics of complex resistivity of coal with varying water saturation levels[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2025,44(6):147-155.

不同含水饱和度煤体复电阻率各向异性及频散特征试验研究

李东会1,2,3, 李子馨1,2,3, 李哲1,2,3, 黄亚平4

1.河南理工大学 河南省瓦斯地质与瓦斯治理重点实验室—省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地，河南 焦作  454000；2.河南理工大学 安全科学与工程学院，河南 焦作  454000；3.煤炭安全生产与清洁高效利用省部共建协同创新中心，河南 焦作  454000；4.中国矿业大学 资源与地球科学学院，江苏 徐州  221116

摘要: 目的 为了分析含水饱和度、各向异性、孔隙结构对煤体复电阻率及其频散特性的影响。  方法 选取赵固二矿无烟煤为研究样本，探究其电学特性，分别测量煤样在不同方向、不同含水饱和度条件下的复电阻阻抗值Z（复阻抗，表示实际能量耗散）和复电阻虚部值X（电抗，表示介质内部的储能能力），得出相应的复电阻率频谱曲线，并使用各向异性系数表示含水饱和度、孔隙度对煤样各向异性的影响。  结果 结果表明，含水煤体复电阻率具有频散特征，即复电阻率的大小随频率变化而变化。具体表现为，Z和X的绝对值随含水饱和度增加而降低，且虚部值X明显偏移。随着含水饱和度增加，界面临界值向频率增大方向移动。煤体在不同含水饱和度下的复电阻率值均呈明显各向异性。随着含水饱和度增加，各向异性系数呈上升趋势，并且随着孔隙度升高，各向异性系数也随之增加，这一现象主要与煤的孔隙结构及分布有关。  结论 研究结果证实了含水饱和度、孔隙结构与煤体复电阻率的各向异性及频散特性之间密切相关，为利用煤体复电性特征探测煤层孔隙结构、发育状况及矿物组成提供了实验和理论依据，同时对于煤矿瓦斯灾害的防治具有重要的实际意义。

关键词:含水煤样;含水饱和度;电阻率各向异性;复电阻率;各向异性系数

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2023120030

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（42274180）；河南省瓦斯地质与瓦斯治理重点实验室-省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地开放基金项目（WS2023B13）

收稿日期:2023/12/11

修回日期:2024/06/04

出版日期:2025/10/14

Experimental study on anisotropy and dispersion characteristics of complex resistivity of coal with varying water saturation levels

Li Donghui1,2,3, Li Zixin1,2,3, Li Zhe1,2,3, Huang Yaping4

1.State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Gas Geology and Gas Control， Henan Polytechnic University， Jiaozuo  454000， Henan， China；2.School of Safety Science and Engineering， Henan Polytechnic University， Jiaozuo  454000， Henan， China；3.Collaborative Innovation Center for Coal Mine Safety Production and Clean Efficient Utilization， Ministry of Education and Henan Province， Jiaozuo  454000， Henan， China；4.School of Resources and Geosciences， China University of Ming and Technology， Xuzhou  221116， Jiangsu， China

Abstract: Objectives To analyze the effects of water saturation， anisotropy， and pore structure on the complex electrical resistivity of coal and its dispersion characteristics. Methods Anthracite samples from Zhaoguer Mine were selected to investigate their electrical properties. The complex impedance magnitude Z（representing actual energy dissipation） and the imaginary component X （representing energy storage capacity within the medium） were measured along different directions and under varying water saturation conditions. Corresponding complex resistivity spectrum were derived and anisotropy coefficients were employed to quantify the influence of water saturation and porosity on the anisotropy behavior of the coal samples.  Results The results show that the complex resistivity of water-saturated coal exhibits frequency dispersion i.e. the magnitude varies with frequency. Specifically， the absolute values of Z and X decrease with the increasing water saturation， and the imaginary component X shows a significant shift. As water saturation increases， the interfacial critical frequency shifts towards higher frequencies. The complex resistivity of coal exhibits pronounced anisotropy across different water saturation levels. The anisotropy coefficient increases with increasing water saturation and also rises with higher porosity， a behavior primarily attributed to the pore structure and its spatial distribution of the coal. Conclusions This study demonstrates a close linkage between water saturation， pore structure， and the anisotropy and frequency-dispersion characteristics of complex resistivity in coal. It provides experimental and theoretical basis for leveraging complex electrical properties to evaluate coal-seam pore structure， development state， and mineral composition and it offers practical implications for the prevention and control of coal-mine gas hazards.

Key words: water-bearing coal sample; water saturation; resistivity anisotropy; complex resistivity; anisotropy coefficient