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磷石膏基无水硫酸钙作为PVC填料的应用研究
时间: 2026-07-24 次数:

薛俊, 王训彦, 吴晶,等.磷石膏基无水硫酸钙作为PVC填料的应用研究[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2026,45(5):197-204.

XUE J, WANG X Y, WU J,et al.Application of phosphogypsum-based anhydrous calcium sulfate as a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) filler[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2026,45(5):197-204.

磷石膏基无水硫酸钙作为PVC填料的应用研究

薛俊1,2, 王训彦1,2, 吴晶3, 林志高4, 刘仿军1,2, 李蕾1,2, 马会娟5, 江吉周1,2

1.武汉工程大学 磷矿及其共伴生资源绿色高效开发利用全国重点实验室,湖北 武汉  430205;2.武汉工程大学 材料科学与工程学院,湖北 武汉  430205;3.湖北省地质实验测试中心 自然资源部稀土稀有稀散矿产重点实验室,湖北 武汉  430034;4.湖北金牛管业有限公司,湖北 武汉  430050;5.湖北三峡实验室,湖北 宜昌  443000

摘要: 目的 为解决以磷石膏为首的“三磷”问题,实现固废的资源化利用,研究磷石膏基无水硫酸钙(P-AH)作为PVC树脂填料的可行性。  方法以重质碳酸钙(HCC)为比较对象,按照相同配方制成PVC复合材料,通过对比复合材料冲击强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量、导热性能和热失重,并对样条的冲击断裂面进行SEM测试,探究P-AH作为填料的可行性,在此基础上通过生产性试验进行实际生产 结果对于添加P-AHPVC复合材料,随着添加量增加,冲击强度变化不大,弯曲强度和弯曲模量呈复合指数增长,导热系数呈线性增长,P-AH添加量为35%时,冲击强度为9.9 MPa,弯曲强度为64.5 MPa,弯曲模量为3 878 MPa,导热系数为0.252 W/(m·K),在高添加量下,除了弯曲模量,添加P-AH的PVC复合材料的性能均优于添加HCC的PVC复合材料;通过断面SEM测试发现添加HCC的PVC复合材料出现粉体团聚现象,导致其强度较低;DSC-TG测试分析发现在PVC分解时,添加P-AH的PVC复合材料需要吸收157.13 J/g的能量,添加HCCPVC复合材料需要吸收138.95 J/g的能量,前者更不容易分解。将P-AH用于PVC管材实际生产,得到了合格产品,除颜色外,其他性能指标略优于传统重钙填料。  结论 P-AH可直接用作PVC树脂填料,为磷石膏应用拓展了一条新的高值化途径

关键词:磷石膏;Ⅱ型无水硫酸钙;填料;PVC树脂

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024030070

基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3902703);磷资源开发利用教育部工程研究中心创新基金资助项目(LCX202303);湖北三峡实验室创新基金资助项目(SC213012)

收稿日期:2024/03/26

修回日期:2024/05/06

出版日期:2026-07-24

Application of phosphogypsum-based anhydrous calcium sulfate as a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) filler

Xue Jun1,2, Wang Xunyan1,2, Wu Jing3, Lin Zhigao4, Liu Fangjun1,2, Li Lei1,2, Ma Huijuan5, Jiang Jizhou1,2

1.State Key Laboratory of Green and Efficient Development of Phosphorus Resources, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan  430205, Hubei, China;2.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan  430205, Hubei, China;3.Hubei Geological Experimental and Testing Center, Key Laboratory of Rare Earth, Rare and Scattered Minerals, Ministry of Natural Resources, Wuhan,  430034, Hubei, China;4.Hubei Jinniu Pipe Industry Co., Ltd, Wuhan,  430050, Hubei, China;5.Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory, Yichang,  443000, Hubei, China

Abstract: Objectives To address the “three phosphorus” problem associated with phosphogypsum and promote the resource utilization of solid waste, the feasibility of using phosphogypsum-based anhydrous calcium sulfate (P-AH) as a PVC filler was investigated.  Methods Heavy calcium carbonate (HCC) was used as a reference filler. PVC composites were prepared using identical formulations. The mechanical properties (impact strength, flexural strength, and flexural modulus), thermal conductivity, and thermal decomposition behavior were evaluated. The fracture morphology was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to assess the interfacial compatibility and dispersion of fillers. Pilot-scale production tests were further conducted to verify industrial applicability.  Results For PVC/P-AH composites, the impact strength remained relatively stable with increasing filler content, while the flexural strength and flexural modulus increased significantly, and thermal conductivity increases linearly. At a filler loading of 35 phr, the impact strength, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and thermal conductivity were 9.9 MPa, 64.5 MPa, 3,878 MPa, and 0.252 W/(m·K), respectively. At higher filler loadings, except for flexural modulus, the overall mechanical performance of PVC/HCC composites was inferior to that of PVC/P-AH composites. SEM analysis revealed obvious particle agglomeration in PVC/HCC composites, which led to reduced mechanical performance. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that PVC/P-AH composites required an energy absorption of 157.13 J/g during thermal decomposition, higher than that of PVC/HCC composites (138.95 J/g), indicating improved thermal stability. Pilot-scale production of PVC pipes using P-AH produced qualified products. Except for slight color differences, their performance was comparable or slightly superior to that of conventional HCC-filled products.  Conclusions Phosphogypsum-based anhydrous calcium sulfate can be directly used as PVC filler, providing a promising high-value utilization pathway for the application of phosphogypsum.

Key words:phosphogypsum;anhydrous calcium sulfate;filler;polyvinyl chloride (PVC)

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