Abstract：This paper discovers the differences between the conditions of cities in medieval Europe and China.The former's conditions were very specific because they went through a rather rough and bumpy developmental course, while the latter developed more stably and greatly with bigger sizes at the same time.To find out the reasons for the dissimilarities, the author compares the differences in their politics, traffics and business respectively, and concludes that these differences finally led to the different developing courses between the cities in medieval Europe and china.

Keyword：the medieval times;Europe;China;the conditions of cities;