吉万顺, 周长春, 潘金禾,等.粉煤灰浸出液中稀土元素钮的萃取分离研究[J].河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）,2020,39(2):62-68.

JI W S, ZHOU C C, PAN J H,et al.Study on the extraction and separation of rare earth elements yttrium from theleaching of coal fly ash[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2020,39(2):62-68.

粉煤灰浸出液中稀土元素钮的萃取分离研究

吉万顺1, 周长春1,2, 潘金禾1, 曹闪闪1, 汤梦成1, 胡婷婷1

1.中国矿业大学化工学院，江苏 徐州 221116;2.国家煤加工与洁净化工程技术研究中心，江苏 徐州 221116

摘要:为了将粉煤灰浸出液中稀土元素钮萃取分离出来，利用协同萃取体系对粉煤灰浸出液进行研究。本文先以纯的氧化铝浸出液为研究对象，用2种萃取剂二磷酸酯（2-乙基己基） （P204 ）、2-乙基己基磷酸单2-乙基己基酯（P507 ）协同萃取单一稀土元素氧化铝浸出液中的钮，探究萃取轨过程中的最优参数。结果表明，在2种萃取剂P204和P507体积比为3：7 ，2种萃取剂总体积分数10%，油水比（O/A = 1. 33 ），接触时间为30 min，溶液pH为1.4，温度25℃ 的条件下，钮萃取率可达到89%，协同萃取系数R最大值为1.7 ，表明2种萃取剂在此条件下对钮的萃取有很好的正协同作用。在上述实验基础上，将最优条件适用于粉煤灰浸出液中包的萃取，结果发现，在协同萃取体系下钮（Y）与锢（La）、锌（Ce）、错（Pr）、效（Nd ）的分离系数β_Y，La，β_Y，Ce，β_Y，Pr，β_Y，Nd分别为 222. 82，142. 82，146. 97，119. 81，均高于 P204 和 P507 单一萃取体系下的分离系数，表明协同萃取体系可以将包与其他几种稀土元素很好地分离，为工业生产中分离稀土元素提供理论指导。利用恒摩尔法和斜率法，推测出P204与P507协同萃取稀土元素包的萃合物结构，并确定其萃取机理方程式。

关键词:钮;萃取剂;协同萃取;粉煤灰浸出液;萃取机理

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2020.2.9

基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划（973 ）项目（2014CB238905 ）

收稿日期:2019/06/15

修回日期:2019/07/30

出版日期:2020/03/15

Study on the extraction and separation of rare earth elements yttrium from theleaching of coal fly ash

JI Wanshun1, ZHOU Changchun1,2, PAN Jinhe1, CAO Shanshan1, TANG Mengcheng1, HU Tingting1

1.School of Chemical Engineering and Technology， China University qfMining and Technology， Xuzhou  221116 ， Jiangsu， China;2.Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization， Xuzhou  221116 ， Jiangsu， China

Abstract:To extract and separate the rare earth element of yttrium from the coal fly ash leaching liquid， the synergistic extraction system was used to study the coal fly ash leaching liquid. In this paper， the pure yttrium oxide leaching solution was taken as the research object. To explore the optimal parameters in the extraction process， two extractants di-2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid （ P204 ） and 2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid mono-2-eth- ylhexyl ester （ P507 ） were used to the synergistic extraction of yttrium in the single rare earth element yttrium oxide leaching solution. Results found that when the volume ratio of two kinds of extractant P204： P507 was 3：7 ， extraction total volume concentration was 10% vol. ， oil-water ratio was 1. 33 （ O/A =1.33 ） ， the contact time was 30 minutes， solution pH was 1.4 ， the temperature was 25 ℃，yttrium extraction efficiency can reach 89% ， the maximum value of synergistic extraction coefficient R was 1.7 ， which showed that two kinds of extractant had good positive synergistic effects. Based on the above experiments， the optimal conditions were applied to the extraction of yttrium from coal fly ash leaching liquid. The results showed that the yttrium （ Y） and lanthanum （ La ）， cerium （ Ce ）， praseodymium （ Pr ）， neodymium （ Nd ） separation factor β_Y，La，β_Y，Ce，β_Y，Pr，β_Y，Nd coefficient were 222. 82，142. 82，146. 97，119. 81 under the synergistic extraction system， which were higher than separation factor of P204 ， P507 single extraction system. It showed that synergistic extraction system could separate yttrium from other rare earth elements and provide theoretical guidance for industrial separation of rare earth elements. By using the constant molar method and slope method， the structure of the complex of P204 and P507 synergistic extraction of rare earth element yttrium was inferred， and the extraction mechanism equation was determined.

Key words:yttrium;extractnt;synergistic extraction;leaching of coal fly ash;mechanism of extraction process

粉煤灰浸出液中稀土元素钇的萃取分离研究_吉万顺.pdf