许磊, 王思雨, ELMO Davide,等.夯实矸石压缩-固结蠕变成岩过程及等价采高模型分析[J].河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）,2024,43(6):27-37.

XU L, WANG S Y, ELMO Davide,et al.Compression-consolidation-creep-diagenesis process of compacted gangue and its equivalent mining height model analysis[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2024,43(6):27-37.

夯实矸石压缩-固结蠕变成岩过程及等价采高模型分析

许磊1,2, 王思雨1, ELMO Davide3, 丁书学1, 刘洪林4, 李文峰5, 洪紫杰1

1.河南理工大学 土木工程学院，河南 焦作  454000；2.河南省地下空间开发及诱发灾变防治国际联合实验室，河南 焦作  454000；3.英属哥伦比亚大学 NBK矿业工程研究所，温哥华  V6T 1Z4，加拿大；4.新疆大学 地质与矿业工程学院，新疆 乌鲁木齐  830046；5.洛斯阿拉莫斯国家试验室，洛斯阿拉莫斯  87545，新墨西哥，美国

摘要: 目的 为了研究被夯实矸石压缩-固结蠕变成岩过程及其等价采高模型，  方法 以亭南煤业公司1102矸石充填工作面为工程背景，采用理论分析、数值模拟、室内试验、现场实测等方法进行研究。  结果 结果表明：矸石充填工作面最大控顶距=端面距+截割深度+顶梁长度+架后触矸距离；顶板回转下沉量等于最大控顶距乘以支架后倾角度正弦值；架后可充填空间高度等于采高减去顶板回转下沉量、欠接顶量、架后底鼓量。被夯实矸石在可充填空间内压缩-固结蠕变成岩的4个阶段及可充压缩率分别为骨架调整段（7.42%），缓慢压缩段（5.39%），固结沉降段（0.34%），蠕变成岩段（12.38%）。由该等价采高模型可知，1102工作面4阶段等价采高为骨架调整段0.94 m，缓慢压缩段1.10 m，固结沉降段1.11 m，蠕变成岩段1.48 m。  结论 通过概率积分法预测、数值模拟和沉陷观测对比可知，1102工作面走向和倾向主断面地表下沉曲线均为碗形。前两阶段地表下沉曲线平缓，后两阶段地表下沉曲线陡峭。

关键词:矸石充填;等价采高;矸石压实;固结成岩

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2023060045

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（51964043，52074101）；新疆维吾尔自治区“天山英才”培养计划项目（2022TSYCCX0037）；河南省高校基本科研业务费专项基金资助项目（NSFRF240313）；焦作市科技攻关项目（2023210035）

收稿日期:2023/06/19

修回日期:2023/08/03

出版日期:2024-09-24

Compression-consolidation-creep-diagenesis process of compacted gangue and its equivalent mining height model analysis

XU Lei1,2, WANG Siyu1, ELMO Davide3, DING Shuxue1, LIU Honglin4, LI Wenfeng5, HONG Zijie1

1.School of Civil Engineering，Henan Polytechnic University，Jiaozuo  454000，Henan，China；2.International Joint  Research Laboratory of Henan Province for Underground Space Development and Disaster Prevention， Henan Polytechnic University，Jiaozuo  454000，Henan，China；3.The Norman B.Keevil Institute of Mining Engineering，University of British Columbia，Vancouver，BC  V6T 1Z4，Canada；4.School of Geology and Mines Engineering，Xinjiang University，Urumqi  830046，Xinjiang，China；5.Earth and Environmental Sciences Division，Los Alamos National Laboratory，Los Alamos，NM  87545，United States

Abstract: Objectives To investigate the compression-consolidation-creep-diagenesis process of compacted gangue and its equivalent mining height model， using the 1102 gangue filling face of Tingnan Coal Mine as the engineering background，  Methods the study employed theoretical analysis， numerical simulation， laboratory tests， and field measurements.  Results The study found that the maximum roof control gap for the gangue filling face was calculated as the cutting depth plus the end face distance， top beam length， and contact distance of the rear support to the gangue. The rotation and subsidence amount of the roof equalled the maximum roof control gap multiplied by the sine of the support’s tilt angle（ht = Lmax × sin θ）. The backfill space height behind the frame equalled the mining height minus the roof’s rotation and subsidence amount， underconnecting amount， and bottom heave behind the frame. The compression-consolidation-creep-diagenesis process of compacted gangue in the fill space and their corresponding compression rates were： skeleton adjustment segment （7.42%）， slow compression segment （5.39%）， consolidation settlement segment （0.34%）， and creep-diagenesis segment （12.38%）. The total rechargeable compression rate was 25.53%. Based on the equivalent mining height， the four-stage equivalent mining height of the 1102 face was： skeleton adjustment segment （0.94 m）， slow compression segment （1.10 m）， consolidation settlement segment （1.11 m）， and creep-diagenesis segment （1.48 m）.  Conclusions Through the comparison of probability integration method prediction， numerical simulation， and subsidence observation， it was observed that the surface subsidence curves of the main section of the 1102 working face in strike and inclination were bowl-shaped. The surface subsidence curve was gentle in the first two stages and steep in the last two stages.

Key words:gangue filling;equivalent mining height;gangue compression;consolidated diagenesis