迟国铭，陈苏社，王巍，等.基于熵权可拓物元模型的矿区生态修复区域划分研究——以活鸡兔井为例[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版), doi: 10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024030082.

CHI G M，CHEN S S，WANG W, et al. Research on ecological restoration area delineation in mining area based on Entropy-weighted Extension Matter-element Model[J]. Journal of Henan Polytechnic University (Natural Science), doi: 10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024030082.

基于熵权可拓物元模型的矿区生态修复区域划分研究——以活鸡兔井为例(网络首发)

迟国铭 ¹，陈苏社 ²，王巍 ²，王世东 ³，朱志勇 ³，焦轶恒 ³，陈志超 ³

(1.国能神东煤炭集团大柳塔煤矿，陕西 神木 719315; 2.国能神东煤炭集团有限责任公司技术研究院，陕西 神木 719315; 3.河南理工大学 测绘与国土信息工程学院，河南 焦作 454000)

摘要: 目的 绿色矿山理念的日益普及使得矿区生态修复工作倍受关注，正确评估与划分生态修复区，是进行生态系统恢复与重建的重要前提和依据，对提升生态环境质量具有重要意义。现有对矿区生态修复区域划分研究较为缺乏。 方法 本文以大柳塔煤矿活鸡兔井为研究区，选取土壤养分、植被覆盖度、土地损毁程度以及地形位指数构建评价指标体系，利用熵权可拓物元模型进行矿区生态修复区域划分。 结果 结果表明：（1）熵权可拓物元模型避免了主观因素对权重的影响，并且能够将多个指标融合，进行统一的定量分级，能够为矿区进行生态修复区域划分提供重要的方法支撑。（2）研究区存在露天矿扰动区、井工矿扰动区和城镇扰动区三种扰动类型，面积分别为10.81 km⟡、33.05 km⟡和5.96 km⟡，共占研究区总面积的44.47%。从扰动区内部结构上看，扰动区划分结果包括人工重度干预修复区、人工辅助干预修复区和自然恢复区三种类型，其中，人工重度干预修复区面积为25.58 km⟡，占研究区总面积的22.83%，人工辅助干预修复区面积为17.78 km⟡，占研究区总面积的15.87%，自然恢复区面积为6.46 km⟡，占研究区总面积的5.77%。（3）针对研究区不同扰动区的不同生态修复区域类型，提出不同的修复意见。对自然恢复区进行自然复绿的手段；对井工矿内的人工辅助干预修复区提出引进优势种、土壤精确施肥的手段进行修复；对于人工重度干预修复区提出调整采矿布局、削坡填平、土壤改良等手段进行修复。 结论 研究结果可为矿区生态修复项目提供一定参考。

关键词: 矿区；生态修复区域划分；熵权可拓物元模型；活鸡兔井

中图分类号：TD167

doi: 10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024030082

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(U22A20620)；中国神华能源股份有限公司神东煤炭分公司委托项目(技术研究院 HT (2023)16号)

收稿日期:2024-03-29

修回日期:2024-06-26

网络首发日期:2024-08-15

Research on ecological restoration area delineation in mining area based on Entropy-weighted Extension Matter-element Model: A case study in Huojitu Mine (Online)

CHI Guoming¹，CHEN Sushe²，WANG Wei²，WANG Shidong³，ZHU Zhiyong³，JIAO Yiheng³，CHEN Zhichao³

(1.Daliuta Coal Mine, China Energy Shengdong Coal Group Co. Ltd., Shenmu 719315, Shaanxi, China;2. CHN Energy Shendong Coal Technology Research Institute, Shenmu 719315, Shaanxi, China; 3.School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan, China)

Abstract： Objectives The improving concept of green mining makes the ecological restoration work in mining areas pay much attention. The assessment and delineation of ecological restoration area is an important premise and basis for ecosystem restoration and reconstruction, which is of great significance to improve the quality of the ecological environment. Few existing studies focus on the zoning of ecological restoration in mining areas. Methods In this context, this paper takes the Huojitu mine of Daliuta coal mine as the study area, selects soil nutrients, vegetation coverage, land damage degree, and topographic location index to construct the evaluation index system, and utilizes the Entropy-weighted Extension Matter-element Model for the division of ecological restoration area. Results The results show: (1) The selected model avoids the influence of subjective factors on the weights, and can integrate multiple indicators for unified quantitative grading, which can provide methodological support for the ecological restoration of the mining area to delineate the area. (2) There are three types of disturbance in the study area: open pit mine disturbance area, well mine disturbance area, and town disturbance area, with an area of 9.85 km⟡, 33.04 km⟡, and 6.87 km⟡, respectively, accounting for 44.41% of the study area. From the internal structure of the disturbed area, the division of the disturbed area includes artificial heavy intervention restoration area, artificial auxiliary intervention restoration area, and natural restoration area, of which, the area of artificial heavy intervention restoration area is 25.9 km⟡, accounting for 52.07% of the total disturbed area, the area of artificial auxiliary intervention restoration area is 17 km⟡, accounting for 34.16% of the total disturbed area, and the area of natural restoration area is 6.85km⟡, accounting for 13.77% of the total disturbed area. (3) Based on different ecological restoration area types, different restoration ideas are presented for different disturbed areas in the study area. Methods of natural re-greening are proposed for natural restoration areas. Methods of introducing advantageous species and precise soil fertilization are proposed for the artificial-assisted intervention restoration areas. Methods such as adjusting the mining layout, cutting slopes and filling them in, and soil improvement are proposed for the artificial heavy intervention restoration areas. Conclusions The results of the study can provide some reference for ecological restoration projects in mining areas.

Key words：mining; ecological restoration zoning; entropy weighted topologizable object metamodeling; Huojitu Coal Mine

CLC:TD167