张鹏,胡相捧,张坤.液压支架推杆静态和动态力学特性分析[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版)，doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024120052.

ZHANG P,HU X P,ZHANG K. Static and dynamic mechanical characteristics analysis of hydraulic support relay bar［J］.Journal of Henan Polytechnic University( Natural Science)，doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024120052.

液压支架推杆静态和动态力学特性分析(网络首发)

张鹏¹，胡相捧²，张坤³

（1.宁夏天地奔牛实业集团有限公司，宁夏 石嘴山753003；2.天地宁夏支护装备有限公司，宁夏 银川750001; 3.山东科技大学 电气与自动化工程学院，山东 青岛266590）

摘要: 目的 为了研究推杆在不同工况下的失效机理， 方法 依据液压支架的推溜和移架动作及国标规定的加载方法，基于第四强度理论建立了推溜、移架、侧向加载和垂直加载等4类工况的力学模型，推导出不同工况下推杆典型截面的应力特征，并利用MATLAB对力学方程进行了求解。 结果 结果表明，4种工况的推杆均呈复合应力状态，且移架工况的推杆受力最为复杂，力学方程是非线性的；推溜和垂直加载工况的推杆应力状态呈“上压下拉”，移架工况呈“上拉下压”，侧向加载工况呈“左压右拉，拉压相等”；推杆截面应力随推溜进行而逐渐变大，且拉应力增幅大于压应力，相较于起始位置，结束位置的3处截面拉应力分别增大了约22.2%，11.3%和11.4%，压应力分别增大了约2.8%，5.4%和6.2%；抬底千斤顶力和底板对推杆支反力位置对移架工况的推杆受力影响极大，前者对连接头铰接孔垂直分力的影响最大达到约75%，后者最大达到约97%；推杆截面应力随移架进行而逐渐变小，相较于结束位置，起始位置的1-1截面的拉应力和压应力增大了约74%和79%；2-2和3-3截面的拉应力增大了约15%和17%。 结论 应以移架工况的起始位置为依据对推杆进行强度设计，且应严禁出现推杆前端被垫起的现象发生。研究结果为推杆材料选择、箱体结构优化及制造工艺参数匹配提供了量化理论依据。

关键词:液压支架；推杆；静态；动态；力学特性

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024120052.

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52104134)；宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2023BEE01002)

收稿日期：2024-12-20

修回日期：2025-2-27

网络首发日期：2025-6-16

Static and dynamic mechanical characteristics analysis of hydraulic support relay bar

Zhang Peng¹, Hu Xiangpeng², Zhang Kun³

（1. Ningxia Tiandi Benniu Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Shizuishan 753001, Ningxia, China; 2. Tiandi Ningxia support equipment Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 750001, Ningxia, China;3. School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, Shandong, China）

Abstract: Objectives To investigate the failure mechanisms of the relay bar under various working conditions. Methods Based on the pushing and moving actions of hydraulic supports and the loading methods specified by the national standard, four working condition models were established using the fourth strength theory: pushing, advancing, lateral loading, and vertical loading. The stress characteristics of typical cross-sections of the push rod under these conditions were derived, and the mechanical equations were solved using MATLAB. Results All four working conditions resulted in composite stress states within the relay bar, with the advancing action condition presenting the most complex force distribution. The mechanical equations were nonlinear. In the pushing and vertical loading conditions, the stress state was characterized by "upper compression and lower tension," while in the lateral loading condition, it exhibited "leftward compression and rightward tension" with equal tensile and compressive stresses. As the pushing action progressed, the stress in the cross-section gradually increased, with tensile stress increasing more significantly than compressive stress. Compared to the initial position, the tensile stress at the three sections at the end position increased by approximately 22.2%, 11.3%, and 11.4%, respectively, while the compressive stress increased by approximately 2.8%, 5.4%, and 6.2%. The force from the lifting ram and the position of reaction force from floor significantly influenced the force on the relay bar during the advancing action. The former had the greatest impact on the vertical component force of the connecting head hinge hole, reaching approximately 75%, while the latter reached approximately 97%. As the advancing action proceeded, the stress in the cross-section gradually decreased. Compared to the end position, the tensile stress at section 1-1 at the starting position increased by approximately 74%, and the compressive stress increased by approximately 79%. Sections 2-2 and 3-3 showed increases of approximately 15% and 17%, respectively. Conclusions For design purposes, the strength of the relay bar should be based on the starting position of the advancing action condition, and the phenomenon of the relay bar front end being lifted should be strictly avoided. These findings provide a quantitative theoretical basis for material selection, structural optimization, and manufacturing process parameter matching.

Key words: hydraulic support; relay bar; static; dynamic; mechanical property