吴鹏飞，葛志博，郭文兵. 薄基岩厚松散层注浆减沉技术及工程应用［J］. 河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）， DOI:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2026050035

Wu P F, Ge Z B, Guo W B. Grouting and settlement reduction technology for thin bedrock with thick loose layers and its engineering application［J］. Journal of Henan Polytechnic University（Natural Science），DOI:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2026050035

薄基岩厚松散层注浆减沉技术及工程应用

吴鹏飞¹，葛志博²，郭文兵^2，3

（1.河南省新郑煤电有限责任公司, 河南 新郑 451100；2.河南理工大学能源科学与工程学院，河南 焦作 454003；3.煤炭安全生产与清洁利用省部共建协同创新中心，河南 焦作 454003）

摘要: [目的] 为有效控制薄基岩厚松散层特殊地质条件下的地表沉陷并解放压滞煤炭资源，缓解“三下”压煤引发的土地塌陷与生态损伤，破解资源开发与生态保护矛盾突出的难题。 方法 采用理论分析与现场工程试验相结合的方法，系统开展松散层注浆减沉技术研究与工程验证，旨在为类似地质条件矿区的绿色开采提供新途径。 [方法] 采用理论分析与现场工程试验相结合的方法，系统开展松散层注浆减沉技术研究与工程验证，旨在为类似地质条件矿区的绿色开采提供新途径。[结果] （1）基于松散层岩性特征分析，明确了孔隙连通性良好的砂土层宜作为优先注浆层位，渗透性低的粘土层宜作为注浆保护层位；（2）成功设计并实施了厚松散层注浆减沉现场试验工程，累计消耗干粉煤灰39 960.72 t，工程实践验证了该技术在薄基岩厚松散层采矿地质条件下的可行性；（3）揭示了关键工艺参数，明确了适宜注浆层位的岩性特征、注浆压力动态演化规律、浆液扩散半径及注浆层位与煤层顶板的合理间距，构建了以“压力-流速-注浆量”多参数协同调控为核心的注浆启停判别准则；（4）基于现场实测数据，利用概率积分法反演预计未注浆条件下的地表沉陷值，当注采比为0.09时，地表减沉率达19.9%。 [结论] 该研究验证了松散层注浆减沉技术在薄基岩厚松散层地质条件下的可行性，对推动煤炭资源绿色开采、保障矿区可持续发展具有重要工程意义。

关键词: 薄基岩；松散层注浆；沉陷控制；绿色开采

中图分类号：TD327

DOI: 10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2026050035

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（52574141）；河南省国际科技合作重点项目（251111521200）

收稿日期：2026-06-01

修回日期：2026-10-26

网络首发日期：2026-10-29

Grouting and settlement reduction technology for thin bedrock with thick loose layers and its engineering application

Wu Pengfei ¹, Ge Zhibo ², Guo Wenbing ^2，3

（1. Xinzheng Coal Electricity, Zhengzhou Coal Industry Group, Xinzheng 451100, Henan, China；2. School of Energy Science and Engineering，Henan Polytechnic University，Jiaozuo 454003，Henan, China；3. Collaborative Innovative Center of Coal Safety Production in Henan Province，Jiaozuo 454003， Henan, China）

Abstract: [Objective]  To effectively control surface subsidence under the special geological conditions of thin bedrock with thick loose layers, liberate stranded coal resources, mitigate land collapse and ecological damage caused by “three-down” coal pressure, and address the prominent conflict between resource development and ecological protection. [Methods] A combined approach of theoretical analysis and on-site engineering experiments was adopted to systematically carry out research and engineering verification of loose layer grouting subsidence reduction technology, aiming to provide a new approach for green mining in mining areas with similar geological conditions. [Results] （1） Based on the analysis of the lithological characteristics of the loose layer, it was determined that sandy layers with good pore connectivity should be prioritized for grouting, while low-permeability clay layers should serve as grouting protective layers; （2） A thick loose layer grouting subsidence reduction field test project was successfully designed and implemented, with a cumulative consumption of 39,960.72 t of dry fly ash. Engineering practice verified the feasibility of this technology under mining geological conditions of thin bedrock with thick loose layers; （3） Key process parameters were revealed, clarifying the lithological characteristics of suitable grouting layers, dynamic evolution rules of grouting pressure, slurry diffusion radius, and the reasonable spacing between grouting layers and coal seam roof. A grouting start-stop determination criterion was established centered on the multi-parameter coordinated regulation of “pressure-flow rate-grouting volume”;（4） Based on on-site measured data, the probabilistic integral method was used to invert the estimated surface subsidence value without grouting. When the extraction-to-injection ratio is 0.09, the surface subsidence reduction rate reaches 19.9%. [Conclusion] This study verified the feasibility of loose layer grouting subsidence reduction technology under geological conditions of thin bedrock with thick loose layers, and has significant engineering implications for promoting green coal resource exploitation and ensuring the sustainable development of mining areas.

Key words: thin bedrock; loose layer grouting; subsidence control; green mining

CLC: