魏炯,等.多种加载条件下致密岩石变形参数统一性的理论分析与试验研究[J].河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）,2026,45(4):123-130.

WEI J，et al.Theoretical analysis and experimental study on the consistency of intact rock deformation parameters under various loading conditions[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2026,45(4):123-130.

多种加载条件下致密岩石变形参数统一性的理论分析与试验研究

魏炯1,2

1.中煤科工开采研究院有限公司，北京  100013;2.煤炭智能开采与岩层控制全国重点实验室，北京 100013

摘要: 目的 为厘清岩石变形参数的物理内涵，推动测试方法标准化，本研究在多种加载条件下开展致密岩石变形参数统一性分析。  方法 基于广义胡克定律，通过理论推导与室内试验，系统分析岩石在三轴压缩（三向受力）、巴西盘（二向受力）和单轴压缩（单向受力）3种加载条件下的弹性模量和泊松比。 结果 结果表明，3种加载方式测得的弹性模量表现出高度一致性。与单轴压缩基准相比，三轴压缩和巴西盘试验的相对误差均在6.1%以内，定量证实了致密岩石变形参数是与几何形状和受力状态无关的材料常数；单轴压缩试验中，由于应力应变曲线的非线性特征，弹性模量取值依赖于选取方法，而三轴压缩和巴西盘试验避免了此类人为依赖性，结果更为稳定；圆柱体与长方体试件测得的弹性模量和泊松比具有等效性，这一特性不仅源于岩石的弹性本质，还与材料几何形状和测试理论相关。  结论 研究结果可为岩石力学参数测试方法的合理选择提供依据。

关键词:岩石力学;单轴压缩;三轴压缩;巴西盘;弹性模量

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2025120077

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（52304137）；煤炭重大专项项目（2025ZD1700904）

收稿日期:2025/12/25

修回日期:2026/03/31

出版日期:2026/06/17

Theoretical analysis and experimental study on the consistency of intact rock deformation parameters under various loading conditions

Wei Jiong1,2

1.CCTEG Coal Mining Research Institute， Beijing  100013， China;2.State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Coal Mining and Strata Control， Beijing  100013， China

Abstract: Objectives To investigate the consistency of intact rock deformation parameters under various loading conditions， a study was conducted based on the generalized Hooke’s Law.  Methods Through theoretical derivation and laboratory tests，the characteristics of rock elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio were systematically analyzed under three loading conditions： triaxial compression （three-dimensional stress）， Brazilian disc splitting（two-dimensional stress）， and uniaxial compression （one-dimensional stress）.  Results The results indicated that the elastic moduli measured by the three loading methods exhibited high consistency. Compared with the uniaxial compression reference，the relative errors of both triaxial compression and Brazilian disc tests were within 6.1%. It was quantitatively verified that the deformation parameters of intact rock are material constants independent of geometric shape and stress state. In uniaxial compression tests， the method for determining the elastic modulus depended on the calculation approach due to the non-linear characteristics of the stress-strain curve. In contrast， such method-dependent behavior was avoided in triaxial compression and Brazilian disc tests， which yielded more stable results. Furthermore，the consistency of elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio measured by cylindrical and rectangular specimens was demonstrated. This characteristic was attributed not only to the elastic nature of the rock but also to the material geometry and testing theory.  Conclusions These findings provide a basis for the rational selection of rock mechanics parameter testing methods.

Key words:rock mechanics;uniaxial compression;triaxial compression;Brazilian disc;elastic modulus