王欣, 刘小宇, 郑世航,等.不同裂隙贯穿度岩体力学特性与统计损伤模型[J].河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）,2026,45(4):159-169.

WANG X, LIU X Y, ZHENG S H,et al.Mechanical properties and statistical damage model of rock mass with different fracture persistence[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2026,45(4):159-169.

不同裂隙贯穿度岩体力学特性与统计损伤模型

王欣, 刘小宇, 郑世航, 袁超

西安科技大学，陕西 西安 710054

摘要: 目的为研究岩体裂隙贯穿度及围压影响下其变形破坏特性，对岩石开展三轴压缩试验。  方法分析裂隙岩体力学性质及力学行为的演变规律，采用理论表征裂隙损伤与受荷损伤的共同作用及其所诱发的宏观力学响应。  结果 结果表明，随围压增大，应力-应变曲线出现峰值点右移，峰后软化段下降减缓，塑性特征增强，围压促使缺陷迅速被激活，诱发微裂纹在预制裂隙和端部处扩展汇合，导致岩石宏观破裂；随裂隙贯穿度不断增大，拉应变逐渐向压应变转化，岩石发生拉-剪复合型破坏，Ⅱ段拉伸破坏本质是次生剪切裂纹与拉伸裂纹复合贯通的结果。获得荷载作用下岩体总损伤与二者叠加损伤的关系表达式，运用统计损伤理论和D-P准则，建立裂隙岩体损伤本构模型，用以刻画裂隙贯穿度对岩体损伤破裂的非线性影响效应。明确模型参数的物理意义， m描述岩体的脆性特征，F₀反映岩体的平均强度，随裂隙贯穿度的增加，F₀均呈现下降趋势，参数变化规律所揭示的岩体延脆性变化及强度特征与试验结果相符，验证了所建模型的正确性。  结论研究结果可为裂隙岩体工程稳定性评价提供理论依据。

关键词:裂隙岩体;围压;变形破坏;损伤演化;本构模型

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2025030020

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（42401163）；陕西省自然科学基金资助项目（2024JC-YBQN-0273）；教育部产学合作协同育人项目（2407185825）

收稿日期:2025/03/11

修回日期:2025/05/19

出版日期:2026/06/17

Mechanical properties and statistical damage model of rock mass with different fracture persistence

Wang Xin, Liu Xiaoyu, Zheng Shihang, Yuan Chao

Xi’an University of Science and Technology， Xi’an 710054， Shaanxi， China

Abstract: Objectives To investigate the deformation and failure characteristics of rock mass under the influence of fracture persistence and confining pressure， triaxial compression tests were conducted on rock specimens. Methods The evolution laws of mechanical properties and mechanical behaviors of fractured rock mass were analyzed. The coupled effects of fracture-induced damage and load-induced damage， as well as the resulting macroscopic mechanical responses， were theoretically characterized.  Results The results show that as confining pressure increases， the peak point of the stress–strain curve shifts to the right， the post-peak softening segment declines more gently， and the plastic behavior becomes more pronounced. Confining pressure promotes rapid activation of defects， inducing microcracks to propagate and coalesce around pre-existing fractures and specimen ends， ultimately leading to macroscopic rock failure. With increasing fracture persistence， tensile strains gradually transform into compressive strains， and the rock undergoes tension–shear composite failure. The tensile failure observed in stage Ⅱ is essentially the result of the combined coalescence of secondary shear cracks and tensile cracks. An expression relating the total damage of rock mass under loading to the superposition of the two damage components was established. Using statistical damage theory and the D-P criterion， a damage constitutive model for fractured rock mass was developed to describe the nonlinear effect of fracture persistence on rock damage and failure. The physical meanings of the model parameters were clarified： m represents the brittleness characteristics of the rock mass， and F₀ reflects its average strength. Both m and F₀ show a decreasing trend with increasing fracture persistence. The variations in these parameters， reflecting changes in ductility–brittleness and strength characteristics of the rock mass， are consistent with the experimental results， thereby validating the proposed model. Conclusions The findings provide a theoretical basis for evaluating the stability of fractured rock mass engineering projects.

Key words:fracture rock mass;confining pressure;deformation and failure;damage evolution;constitutive model