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原位生长TiO₂/Ti₃C₂T_x复合材料及其电化学性能研究

夏启勋1, 朱子阳1, 郭雯2, 常玉凯1, 王李波1, 胡前库1, 周爱国1

1.河南理工大学 材料科学与工程学院，河南 焦作 454003；2.复旦大学 高分子科学系，上海  200438

摘要:目的 针对MXene基超级电容器电极材料能量密度低、制备过程复杂等问题，采用低成本、对环境友好的新型制备方法制备高性能MXene基复合材料。  方法 通过对TiO₂/Ti₃C₂T_x MXene进行退火处理，实现TiO₂/Ti₃C₂T_x复合材料的原位生长，并将其作为超级电容器的正极活性材料进行试验。利用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、N₂吸脱附等多种结构表征技术结合电化学测试研究TiO₂/Ti₃C₂T_x复合材料的微观结构和电化学性能。  结果 通过调控退火温度可以得到不同形貌的TiO₂/Ti₃C₂T_x复合材料，最佳退火温度下制备的TiO₂/Ti₃C₂T_x复合材料在1 A·g^-1的电流密度下表现出了158 F·g^-1的高比电容。TiO₂/Ti₃C₂T_x复合材料为正极、TiO₂/Ti₃C₂T_x MXene为负极组装成的非对称型超级电容器能量密度为8.17 Wh·kg^-1，功率密度为240.6 W·kg^-1。  结论 上述方法不仅开辟了一条通过原位生长方法制备高性能超级电容器电极材料的新途径，也为理解和优化MXene基复合材料的结构与性能提供了新视角，为未来开发成本低廉、性能卓越的MXene基电极材料提供了理论和实验支持。

关键词:二维MXene; Ti₃C₂T_x;TiO₂;超级电容器

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024020006

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（52372284，52275187，52202364）；河南省自然科学基金资助项目（232300421135，232300421204）；河南理工大学博士基金资助项目（B2019-41）

收稿日期:2024/02/03

修回日期:2024/04/22

出版日期:2026/04/28

In situ synthesis of TiO₂/Ti₃C₂T_x composites and their electrochemical performance

Xia Qixun1, Zhu Ziyang1, Guo Wen2, Chang Yukai1, Wang Libo1, Hu Qianku1, Zhou Aiguo1

1.School of Materials Science and Engineering， Henan Polytechnic University， Jiaozuo  454003， Henan， China；2.Department of Macromolecular Science， Fudan University， Shanghai  200438， China

Abstract: Objectives s To address the issues of low energy density and complex fabrication processes of MXene-based supercapacitor electrode materials， a low-cost and environmentally friendly method is proposed for the preparation of high-performance MXene-based composites.  Methods TiO₂/Ti₃C₂T_x composites were synthesized via in situ growth during annealing of TiO₂/Ti₃C₂T_x MXene and employed as positive electrode materials for supercapacitors. The microstructure and electrochemical performance of the composites were systematically investigated using XRD， SEM， TEM， XPS， and N₂ adsorption-desorption measurements.  Results TiO₂/Ti₃C₂T_x composites with different morphologies were obtained by controlling the annealing temperature. The composite prepared at the optimal annealing temperature exhibited a high specific capacitance of 158 F·g^-1 at a current density of 1 A·g^-1. Furthermore， the assembled TiO₂/Ti₃C₂T_x// Ti₃C₂T_x MXene asymmetric supercapacitor delivered an energy density of 8.17 Wh·kg^-1 at a power density of 240.6 W·kg^-1.  Conclusions This study not only provides a new approach for the preparation of high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials via in situ growth but also offers new insights into understanding and optimizing the structure and performance of MXene-based composites， thereby providing theoretical and experimental support for the  development of low-cost and high-performance MXene-based electrode materials.

Key words:two-dimensional MXene; Ti₃C₂T_x; TiO₂;supercapacitor