杨雷, 刘卓, 罗树琼,等.萘系高效减水剂对赤泥基胶凝材料性能的影响机理[J].河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）,2026,45(3):171-178.

YANG L , LIU Z, LUO S Q,et al.Effect and mechanism of naphthalene-based superplasticizer on the properties of red mud-based cementitious materials[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2026,45(3):171-178.

萘系高效减水剂对赤泥基胶凝材料性能的影响机理

杨雷1,2, 刘卓1,2, 罗树琼1,2, 谢玉芬1,2

1.河南理工大学 材料科学与工程学院，河南  焦作 454003；2.河南理工大学 河南省深地材料科学与技术重点实验室，河南  焦作 454003

摘要:目的 赤泥颗粒细小、吸水性强，直接掺入水泥基材料中会显著降低水泥流动性与力学性能，限制其规模化、资源化利用。  方法 以萘系高效减水剂（naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde， NSF）为外加剂，开展NSF对不同赤泥掺量的赤泥-水泥浆体流变性能、硬化性能和微观结构的影响实验，分析其对赤泥-水泥浆体物理、化学性能的影响规律。  结果 结果表明，NSF饱和掺量为0.5%时，可提高浆体的流动度，有效降低浆体30，60 min时的经时损失，降低塑性黏度和剪切应力，提高赤泥-水泥颗粒的分散性。当赤泥掺量为0%，25%时，掺入NSF的赤泥-水泥浆体1，3，7，28 d强度比未掺NSF的高，这是因为NSF对C₂S和C₃S的水化反应均有促进作用。未掺、掺入NSF的赤泥-水泥浆体中C―S―H分别为纤维状和网状，Ca(OH)₂为片状，但掺入NSF的赤泥-水泥浆体的Ca(OH)₂分布更均匀；赤泥掺量为50%时，对浆体强度产生负面影响，这可能是大掺量的赤泥使浆体碱性过高，NSF作用于高碱性溶液时，自身不稳定。  结论 研究结果可为赤泥基胶凝材料性能的提升提供一定理论指导。

关键词:赤泥基胶凝材料;萘系高效减水剂;流变性能;硬化性能

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024010056

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（52278256）；宁波科技创新2025重大专项项目（2020Z040）；河南理工大学博士基金资助项目（B2021-15）；2023年河南理工大学创新型科研团队资助项目（T2023-5）

收稿日期:2024/01/24

修回日期:2024/05/21

出版日期:2026/04/28

Effect and mechanism of naphthalene-based superplasticizer on the properties of red mud-based cementitious materials

Yang Lei1,2, Liu Zhuo1,2, Luo Shuqiong1,2, Xie Yufen1,2

1.School of Materials Science and Engineering， Henan Polytechnic University， Jiaozuo  454003， Henan， China；2.Henan Key Laboratory of Materials on Deep-Earth Engineering， Henan Polytechnic University， Jiaozuo  454003， Henan， China

Abstract: Objectives Red mud is a bulk industrial solid waste generated during alumina production， characterized by huge annual output and low utilization efficiency. Its stockpiling not only occupies large areas of land but also poses potential risks of alkali pollution to surrounding soil and water environments. Moreover， its fine particle size and strong water absorption significantly deteriorate the fluidity and mechanical properties of cement-based materials， thereby limiting large-scale and resource-efficient utilization.  Methods A naphthalene-based superplasticizer （NSF） was used as a chemical admixture. The effects of NSF on the rheological behavior， mechanical properties， and microstructure of red mud–cement pastes with different red mud contents were systematically investigated. The underlying mechanisms governing these effects were analyzed.  Results The results show that an optimal NSF dosage of 0.5% significantly improved the fluidity of the cement paste， and effectively reduced slump loss at 30 and 60 min. Meanwhile， plastic viscosity and shear stress were decreased， indicating improved dispersion of red mud and cement particles. At red mud contents of 0% and 25%， the compressive strength of NSF-modified pastes was higher than that of the control samples at 1， 3， 7， and 28 days. This improvement can be attributed to the accelerated hydration of C₂S and C₃S induced by NSF. The C―S―H gels exhibited fibrous and reticular morphologies in all samples， while Ca(OH)₂ showed a plate-like structure； however， its distribution was more uniform in the NSF-containing samples. When the red mud content reached 50%， the mechanical properties were adversely affected， which may be attributed to the increased alkalinity of the system and the instability of NSF in highly alkaline environments.  Conclusions These results provide theoretical guidance for improving the performance of red mud-based cementitious materials.

Key words:red mud-based cementitious material;naphthalene-based superplasticizer;rheological properties;mechanical properties