Guo W B, Ge Z B, Hu Y H, et al.Study on surface movement laws of aeolian sand surface under subcritical mining[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2026,45(6):1-11.

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024070030

Received:2024/07/08

Revised:2024/10/10

Published:2026/10/09

Study on surface movement laws of aeolian sand surface under subcritical mining

Guo Wenbing, Ge Zhibo, Hu Yuhang, Yang Weiqiang, Hu Chaoqun, Wang Yu

School of Energy Science and Engineering， Henan Polytechnic University， Jiaozuo 454003， Henan， China

Abstract: Objectives In order to better protect and utilize surface structures and promote land reclamation in mining subsidence areas under subcritical mining conditions， study has been conducted on the surface movement and deformation of aeolian sand landforms.  Methods Taking the working face 11-3105 of the Menkeqing Coal Mine as the research background， a surface movement observation station was established to conduct continuous monitoring of ground subsidence in the study area， followed by a theoretical analysis of the surface movement and deformation laws in the aeolian sand landform.  Results Field data indicate that under conditions of subcritical mining in deep， aeolian sand landforms， the maximum subsidence values along the strike and dip directions are 423 mm and 464 mm， respectively. The relatively small surface subsidence suggests a mild surface subsidence response. The calculated maximum subsidence velocity lag distance is 401 m， with a corresponding lag angle of 60.97°. Based on key stratum theory and fixed-end beam deflection analysis， it is found that separation spaces will occur in the overlying strata during the subsidence transfer process. This reveals the mechanism behind the reduced surface settlement， which is attributed to the cushioning effect of the aeolian sand. Through an in-depth study of surface movement duration， a "surface area"-based calculation model was developed using calculus and geometry， leading to the formulation of a predictive formula for surface movement duration. The model was applied to predict the duration for monitoring points in the （super-）critical mining area of working face 11-3105 and for ten different mining districts. For working face 11-3105， the minimum error between predicted and measured values was 5 d， and the maximum error was 10 d. For the ten mining districts， the minimum error was 4 d， and the maximum error was 34 d. The high degree of agreement with field measurements validates the prediction accuracy and rationality of the "surface area" calculation model.  Conclusions The findings enrich the understanding of laws of surface movement in coal mining and provide significant guidance for the protection and utilization of buildings， as well as land reclamation， in mining subsidence areas.

Key words: deep mining; aeolian sand landforms; duration of surface movement; surface subsidence; movement and deformation law