金英淑, 陈昊, 杨小林,等.丹江口库区小流域土壤氮素空间分异与储量特征[J].河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）,2022,41(5):87-95.

JIN Y S, CHEN H, YANG X L,et al.Spatial variation and storage characteristics of soil nitrogen in a small watershed in Danjiangkou Reservoir area[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2022,41(5):87-95.

丹江口库区小流域土壤氮素空间分异与储量特征

金英淑, 陈昊, 杨小林

河南理工大学 应急管理学院，河南 焦作 454000

摘要:为了探究土壤中氮素空间分异与储量特征对流域土地资源管理利用与环境风险评估的影响，以丹江口库区典型小流域为研究区域，通过采集野外土壤样品，利用传统统计学与地统计学相结合的方法对丹江口库区旱地、菜地、针阔混交林、柏木林、居民地和灌草丛等不同土地利用类型土壤氮素的质量分数空间分异与储量特征进行研究。结果表明：（1）不同土地利用类型的土壤全氮（0.94～1.20 g/kg）、硝氮（3.36～32.08 mg/kg）、氨氮（3.22～12.54 mg/kg）质量分数差异显著，随着土壤深度增加，土壤全氮、氨氮和硝氮质量分数均不断降低，呈现明显的“表聚性”特征；（2）在结构性因子与随机性因子综合作用下，流域土壤全氮空间分布呈中等相关性（块金值/基台值为48.69%），而在随机性因素作用下，流域土壤氨氮和硝氮的空间相关性较弱，其块金值/基台值分别为77.66%和77.85%；（3）库区流域土壤全氮储量总体较低，为1.11～7.03 Mg/ha，为提升丹江口库区土壤氮储量水平，提高流域土壤生产力，应重视库区林地和灌草丛植被保护与恢复，不断优化耕作措施，降低水土流失强度。同时，较高的耕地土壤硝氮储量表明库区耕地氮素流失风险较高，应加强耕地氮素管理。

关键词:丹江口库区;土地利用类型;土壤氮;储量;空间分异

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2021060017

基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0801403）；国家社会科学基金资助项目（20BJY043）；教育部人文社科基金资助项目（17YJCZH217）；河南理工大学创新型科研团队项目（T2018-4）

收稿日期:2021/06/04

修回日期:2021/07/01

出版日期:2022/09/25

Spatial variation and storage characteristics of soil nitrogen in a small watershed in Danjiangkou Reservoir area

JIN Yingshu, CHEN Hao, YANG Xiaolin

School of Emergency Management，Henan Polytechnic University，Jiaozuo 454000，Henan，China

Abstract:Soil nitrogen is an important indicator of soil fertility and environmental risk status，and therefore clarifying the spatial distributions of soil nitrogen content and storage are significant to the management and utilization of soil resources.In this study，a typical small watershed in the Danjiangkou Reservoir area was selected as the research area.Through field soil sample collection，traditional statistical and geo-statistical methods were used to study the spatial distribution characteristics of soil nitrogen content and storage of different land use types in the reservoir area.The results indicated that：（1） There were significant differences in soil total nitrogen（0.94~1.20 g/kg），nitrate nitrogen（3.36~32.08 mg/kg），and ammonium nitrogen（3.22~12.54 mg/kg）content between different land use types，and with the increase of soil depth，the soil total nitrogen，ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen content all showed a continuous decreasing trend，showing obvious characteristics of“expression cohesion”；（2）The ratio of the nugget value to the sill value of soil total nitrogen was 48.69%，under the combined action of structural factors and random factors，the soil total nitrogen showed moderately spatial-dependent characteristic，while soil ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen showed weakly spatial-dependent characteristic under the effect of random factors，and the ratios of the nugget value to the sill value of soil total nitrogen were 77.66% and 77.85%，respectively；（3）The overall level of soil total nitrogen storage in the reservoir area was low，ranging from 1.11 to 7.03 Mg/ha.Attention should be paid to vegetation protection，restoration and reconstruction in the Danjiangkou Reservoir area，optimizing farming measures，enhancing and increasing soil carbon and nitrogen content and reserves，and improving soil Self-recovery of productivity.Meanwhile，the high level of soil nitrate nitrogen storage showed the high risk of nitrogen loss in cultivated land，and the management of cultivated land in the reservoir area should be strengthened.

Key words:Danjiangkou Reservoir area;land use type;soil nitrogen;storage;spatial variation

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