劳晓东, 赵杰, 程从前,等.淋溶酸性溶液对SnPb焊料中重金属浸出及电化学特性的影响[J].河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）,2023,42(2):182-188.

LAO X D, ZHAO J, CHENG C Q, et al.Effect of leaching acid solution on leaching and electrochemical characteristics of heavy metals from SnPb solder[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2023,42(2):182-188.

淋溶酸性溶液对SnPb焊料中重金属浸出及电化学特性的影响

劳晓东1,2, 赵杰3, 程从前3, 刘晓青1,2, 谢娟娟1,2

1.周口师范学院 机械与电气工程学院，河南 周口  466000；2.周口师范学院 稀土功能材料及应用重点实验室，河南 周口  466000；3.大连理工大学 材料科学与工程学院，辽宁 大连  116024

摘要:为研究重金属元素在土壤中的浸出迁移特性，评价其环境污染风险程度，以电子产品SnPb焊料为对象，研究填埋时不同酸性溶液对焊料重金属元素的腐蚀浸出行为以及腐蚀电化学特性的影响，对淋溶液中重金属浸出速率、表面腐蚀产物及形貌和动电位极化曲线等进行分析。结果表明：SnPb焊料在淋溶H₂SO₄-HNO₃溶液中腐蚀电流密度最高，表面腐蚀产物为PbSO₄，Sn的浸出速率最大，在淋溶H₂SO₄-HNO₃溶液中的腐蚀电流密度较低，Pb的浸出速率最大。因此，SnPb焊料在淋溶H₂SO₄-HNO₃溶液条件下，Sn对地下水的污染风险高，Pb对土壤的污染风险高；在淋溶H₂SO₄-HNO₃溶液条件下，Pb对地下水的污染风险很高。

关键词:SnPb焊料;重金属浸出;电化学特性;表面腐蚀;污染风险

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2021020033

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（51571051）；河南省高等学校重点科研项目（20A430035）；河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划项目（2020GGJS216）；周口师范学院高层次人才科研启动研究项目（ZKNUC2016019）；周口师范学院横向科研项目（2021031）

收稿日期:2021/02/20

修回日期:2021/06/24

出版日期:2023/03/25

Effect of leaching acid solution on leaching and electrochemical characteristics of heavy metals from SnPb solder

LAO Xiaodong1,2, ZHAO Jie3, CHENG Congqian3, LIU Xiaoqing1,2, XIE Juanjuan1,2

1.School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering，Zhoukou Normal University，Zhoukou  466000，Henan，China；2.The Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials and Applications，Zhoukou Normal University，Zhoukou  466000，Henan，China；3.School of Materials Science and Engineering，Dalian University of Technology，Dalian  116024，Liaoning，China

Abstract:SnPb solder of electronic products was employed in this paper，to study the characteristics of leaching and migration of heavy metals in soil，and to evaluate the degree of environmental pollution risk.The effects of leaching components on the corrosion leaching behavior of heavy metals and electrochemical characteristics of the solder leached by different acidic solutions were studied，the leaching rate of heavy metals，surface corrosion products，morphology and potentiodynamic polarization curve were analyzed.The results showed that the corrosion current density of SnPb solder was the highest under the condition of H₂SO₄-HNO₃ solution.PbSO₄ was observed on the solder surface as corrosion product，and the leaching rate of Sn was the highest，indicating the highest pollution risk to groundwater and the high risk to soil from Pb.The corrosion current density of SnPb solder was the lower leached by HNO₃-HCl solution，and the highest leaching rate of Pb represented the highest pollution risk to groundwater.

Key words:SnPb solder;leaching of heavy metal;electrochemical characteristic;surface corrosion;pollution risk

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