杨柳华，赵鹏瑶，郭现生，等.充填料浆流变特性对气泡稳定性影响机制研究［J］.河南理工大学学报（自然科学版），doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024040055

YANG L H, ZHAO P Y, GUO X S，et al. Study on influence mechanism of rheological characteristics of backfill slurry on bubble stability［J］.Journal of Henan Polytechnic University（Natural Science），doi: 10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024040055

充填料浆流变特性对气泡稳定性影响机制研究(网络首发)

杨柳华¹，赵鹏瑶¹，郭现生²，杨征³，陈水生⁴，焦华喆¹

（1.河南理工大学 土木工程学院，河南 焦作 454000；2.陕西小保当矿业有限公司，陕西 榆林 719302；3.林州重机集团股份有限公司，河南 安阳 456550；4.河南理工大学 机械与动力工程学院，河南 焦作 454000）

摘要: 充填料浆是典型的固液气三相悬浮体，气泡不仅影响其流变性能，而且决定了硬化后的孔隙结构。随着引气剂、减水剂等外加剂在充填中广泛使用，料浆中气泡稳定性调控备受关注。 [目的] 为了深入探讨影响料浆气泡稳定性的各种因素，以便优化料浆的流变性能和力学性能，从而提高充填质量，以期为充填料浆的制备和应用提供更加科学的理论依据，这对于提高我国矿产资源开发利用效率，降低生产成本，保护环境等方面具有重要意义。 [方法] 首先，为表征料浆中气泡的稳定性，测试不同料浆黏度和搅拌速度下新鲜料浆密度及固化24 h后收缩量、密度差；其次，基于Stokes定律建立气泡稳定性理论模型，并分别预测了动/静态条件下气泡稳定性的料浆临界黏度；最后，结合物理实验和理论预测结果分析了流变对气泡稳定性影响机制。[结果] 料浆中气泡变形及迁移均受其流变参数的影响，料浆黏度低于动态临界值（η_动=1.0238 Pa•s）时搅拌过程中气泡不易挤破排出；料浆黏度高于静态临界值（η_静=0.7619 Pa•s）时，气泡上浮阻力大难以逸出，滞留充填体直至凝结形成气孔结构。[结论] 虽然稳定的气泡易滞留料浆中凝结形成气孔结构，但气泡不稳定也加剧了充填收缩量及上下层密度差。因此，合理优化料浆黏度对提高充填质量尤为重要。研究结果为充填料浆气泡稳定性的调控指明方向，并为高泡充填技术发展提供了理论基础。

关键词:充填料浆；气泡；黏度；收缩量；密度差

中图分类号：TD853

doi: 10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024040055

基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（52104129）

收稿日期：2024-04-27

修回日期：2024-09-05

网络首发日期：2024-11-01

Study on influence mechanism of rheological characteristics of backfill slurry on bubble stability

YANG Liuhua¹, ZHAO Pengyao¹, GUO Xiansheng², YANG Zheng³,

CHEN Shuisheng⁴, JIAO Huazhe¹

（1.School of Civil and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan, China; 2. Shaanxi Xiaobaodang Mining Co., Ltd, Yulin 719302, Shaanxi,China; 3. Linzhou Heavy Machinery Group Co., Ltd., Anyang 719302, Henan,China; 4. School of Mechanical and Power Engineerng, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan, China）

Abstract: Cemented paste backfill slurry is a typical solid-liquid-gas three-phase suspension. Bubbles not only affect its rheological properties, but also determine the pore structure after hardening. With the widespread use of admixtures such as air-entraining agent and water reducing agent in backfilling, the control of bubble stability in slurry has gained attention. [Objective] The purpose of this study is to deeply explore the various factors affecting the bubble stability of the slurry, so as to optimize the rheological and mechanical properties of the slurry, so as to improve the filling quality, and is expected to provide a more scientific theoretical basis for the preparation and application of the filling slurry, which is of great significance for improving the efficiency of mineral resources development and utilization in China, reducing production costs, and protecting the environment. [Methods] Firstly, in order to certify the stability of bubbles in slurry, the density of fresh slurry and the shrinkage and density difference after 24 hours of curing were tested under different slurry viscosities and mixing speeds. Secondly, a theoretical model of bubble stability was established based on Stokes theory, and the critical slurry viscosity for bubble stability under dynamic conditions and static conditions was predicted respectively. Finally, the influence mechanism of rheology on bubble stability was analyzed by combining physical experiments and theoretical prediction results. [Results] The deformation and migration of bubbles in the slurry are affected by the rheological parameters. When the slurry viscosity is lower than the dynamic critical value(η_动=1.0238Pa·s), the bubbles are not easy to be squeezed and discharged during the mixing process. When the slurry viscosity is higher than the static critical value(η_静=0.7916Pa·s), the bubbles have a large buoyancy force and resistance and are difficult to escape, therefore, they are retained in the backfilling body until they are condensed to form a pore structure. [Conclusion] Although stable bubbles are easy to condense in the slurry to form a pore structure, the unstable bubbles also exacerbate the backfilling shrinkage and the density difference between the upper and lower layers. Therefore, it is important to optimize the slurry viscosity to improve the backfilling quality. This study points out the direction for the control of bubble stability of the backfilling slurry, and provides a theoretical basis for the development of high-foam backfilling technology.

Key words: backfilling slurry; bubble; viscosity; shrinkage; density difference

CLC: