王成, 李起航, 李媛媛,等.钻孔爆破新型填塞材料及封孔机理研究[J].河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）,2026,45(6):12-22.

Wang C, Li Q H, Li Y Y, et al.Study on new stemming materials and hole-sealing mechanism for drilling and blasting[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2026,45(6):12-22.

钻孔爆破新型填塞材料及封孔机理研究

王成, 李起航, 李媛媛, 王春, 张红成, 李乐, 胡亚超

河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院，河南 焦作 454003

摘要: 目的 针对钻孔爆破炮孔填塞环节工艺复杂问题，研制一种流动性好、凝结时间短、强度高、易储存的新型填塞材料。  方法 通过理论分析、实验室模拟试验和数值模拟相结合的方法，研究新型填塞材料的理化特性、基本性能、封孔机理和封孔性能，并分析其封堵性能影响因素，揭示封堵性能指标的评价机制。  结果 结果表明：新型填塞材料具有凝结时间短、早强特性好和水化放热温度低等特点，可以安全、高效地用于爆破封孔工程；在静载爆破模拟试验中，水灰比0.8∶1的新型填塞材料在封堵龄期30 min时就表现出远超黏土炮泥的承载能力，且封堵性能影响因素重要性排序为：材料水灰比，材料封堵长度，材料封堵龄期；在动载爆破模拟试验中，新型填塞材料在水灰比≤0.8∶1时，选择合适的封孔长度即可保证填塞材料不被冲出，达到有效封堵的目的；LS-DYNA分析发现，新型填塞材料封孔爆破破岩效果优于黏土炮泥。  结论 研究结果可为高效、绿色钻孔爆破提供理论参考，具有科学和工程实践意义。

关键词:钻孔爆破;炮孔封堵;新型填塞材料;封孔性能;动静载爆破模拟试验

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024030068

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（51904093）

收稿日期:2024/03/25

修回日期:2024/08/15

出版日期:2026/10/09

Study on new stemming materials and hole-sealing mechanism for drilling and blasting

Wang Cheng, Li Qihang, Li Yuanyuan, Wang Chun, Zhang Hongcheng, Li Le, Hu Yachao

School of Energy Science and Engineering， Henan Polytechnic University， Jiaozuo 454003， Henan， China

Abstract: Objectives To address the complexity of blast-hole stemming operations in drilling and blasting， a new stemming material with good fluidity， short setting time， high strength， and good storage stability was developed.   Methods The physical and chemical properties， basic properties， hole-sealing mechanism， and stemming performance of the new stemming material were investigated through theoretical analysis， laboratory simulation tests， and numerical simulations. The factors influencing its stemming performance were analyzed， and the evaluation mechanism of the stemming-performance indicators was revealed.  Results The results showed that the new stemming material had a short setting time， good early-strength development， and low hydration heat-release temperature， indicating that it could be safely and efficiently applied to blast-hole stemming. In the static-load blasting simulation tests， the new stemming material with a water-to-cement ratio of 0.8∶1 exhibited a much higher load-bearing capacity than clay stemming material at a stemming age of 30 min. The factors influencing stemming performance were ranked in descending order of importance as follows： water-to-cement ratio， stemming length， and stemming age. In the dynamic-load blasting simulation tests when the water-to-cement ratio of the new stemming material was ≤0.8∶1， an appropriate stemming length could ensure that the stemming material was not ejected， thereby achieving effective stemming. LS-DYNA simulations showed that the rock-breaking performance of blasting with the new stemming material was superior to that with clay stemming material.   Conclusions The results provide a theoretical reference for efficient and green drilling and blasting and have scientific and engineering significance.

Key words: drilling and blasting; blast-hole stemming; new stemming material; stemming performance; dynamic- and static-load blasting simulation tests