张少杰,浦海,薛康生,等.关闭矿井地热开采非均质围岩补热特征研究[J].河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）,2026,45(6):39-50.

Zhang S J, Pu H, Xue K S, et al.Characteristics of thermal recharge of heterogeneous surrounding rock under geothermal exploitation in closed mines[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2026,45(6):39-50.

关闭矿井地热开采非均质围岩补热特征研究

张少杰1, 浦海1,2, 薛康生2, 曲高伯2

1.中国矿业大学 力学与土木工程学院，江苏 徐州  221116；2.中国矿业大学 深地工程智能建造与健康运维全国重点实验室，江苏 徐州  221116

摘要: 目的 为了揭示关闭矿井地热开采中裂隙空间分布与运行参数对围岩补热性能的影响规律，开展关闭矿井地热开采非均质围岩补热特征研究。  方法 基于二维离散裂隙网络理论，建立围岩渗流-传热-力学耦合模型，对裂隙均匀分布及3种非均匀分布下的补热过程进行模拟；采用Plackett-Burman试验设计，分析11个运行及储层参数对热突破时间、10 a累计质量流量和累计输出热功率的影响。  结果 裂隙空间分布通过改变压力传递和冷流体运移路径影响围岩补热过程。注入井附近裂隙加密可提高短期流量和能量输出，但会加速热突破；井间及采出井附近裂隙加密可延缓冷锋推进，但对整体输运能力的改善有限。岩石基质初始渗透率和岩石比热容显著影响热突破时间，储层初始压力、基质渗透率和岩石比热容是影响累计质量流量的主要因素；累计输出热功率未发现单一显著影响因素，其中基质渗透率的相对贡献最高。  结论 围岩补热性能受裂隙空间结构、储层物性与运行参数共同控制，工程设计应兼顾能量输出与长期热突破风险。

关键词:关闭矿井;地热开采;非均质围岩补热;渗流-传热-力学耦合;裂隙分布

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2026010045

基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFC3804204）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（52374147，52504155）

收稿日期:2026/01/29

修回日期:2026/04/24

出版日期:2026/10/09

Characteristics of thermal recharge of heterogeneous surrounding rock under geothermal exploitation in closed mines

Zhang Shaojie1, Pu Hai1,2, Xue Kangsheng2, Qu Gaobo2

1.School of Mechanics & Civil Engineering， China University of Mining and Technology， Xuzhou  221116， Jiangsu，  China；2.State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering， China University of Mining and Technology， Xuzhou  221116， Jiangsu， China

Abstract: Objectives To reveal the influences of fracture spatial distribution and operational parameters on the thermal recharge performance of surrounding rock during geothermal exploitation in closed mines， this paper investigates the thermal recharge characteristics of heterogeneous surrounding rock.  Methods Based on the two-dimensional discrete fracture network theory， a coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical （THM） model for seepage-heat-mechanical processes was established. The thermal recharge processes under uniform and three non-uniform fracture distributions were simulated. The Plackett-Burman experimental design was adopted to analyze the effects of 11 operational and reservoir parameters on thermal breakthrough time， 10-year cumulative mass flow， and cumulative thermal power output. Results Fracture spatial distribution affects surrounding-rock thermal recharge by altering pressure transmission and cold-fluid migration paths. Denser fractures near the injection well improve short-term flow rate and energy output but accelerate thermal breakthrough. Fracture enrichment between wells or near the production well delays cold front propagation yet brings limited improvement to overall transport capacity. Initial matrix permeability and rock specific heat capacity  exert significant influences on thermal breakthrough time. Initial reservoir pressure， matrix permeability， and rock specific heat capacity are the dominant factors controlling cumulative mass flow. No single dominant factor is identified for cumulative thermal power output， No single dominant factor is identified for cumulative thermal power output， for which matrix permeability contributes the most.  Conclusions The thermal recharge performance of surrounding rock is jointly governed by fracture spatial structure， reservoir physical properties， and operational parameters. Engineering design should balance energy output against long-term thermal breakthrough risk.

Key words: closed mine; geothermal exploitation; thermal recharge of heterogeneous surrounding rock; thermo-hydro-mechanical （THM） coupling; fracture distribution