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2014—2023年我国煤矿事故规律及费希尔精确检验
时间: 2026-10-09 次数:

袁军伟, 郭艳美, 都永坤,等.2014—2023年我国煤矿事故规律及费希尔精确检验[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2026,45(6):32-38.

Yuan J W, Guo Y M, Du Y K, et al.Coal mine accident patterns and Fisher’s exact test in China during 2014—2023[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2026,45(6):32-38.

2014—2023年我国煤矿事故规律及费希尔精确检验

袁军伟1,2,3, 郭艳美1, 都永坤1, 吴冉1, 蒋晓改4

1.河南理工大学 安全科学与工程学院,河南 焦作  454003;2.河南理工大学 煤矿灾害预防与抢险救灾教育部工程研究中心,河南 焦作  454003;3.河南理工大学 煤炭安全生产与清洁高效利用省部共建协同创新中心,河南 焦作  454003;4.河南理工大学 财经学院,河南 焦作  454003

摘要: 目的 为了提高煤矿安全生产水平,系统统计了2014—2023年我国煤矿生产安全事故相关数据,深入研究近10 a煤矿事故发生的规律和特点。  方法 根据国家矿山安全监察局等公布的数据,对2014—2023年我国煤矿事故的总体情况、事故类型、区域分布、事故致因等进行多维度研究,并用费希尔精确检验法对各因素之间的差异性进行分析。  结果 结果表明:(1)与2014年相比,2023年死亡人数定基比下降了44.86%,近10 a来,煤矿事故发生起数最高为142起(2014年),最低为91起(2021年),平均119起/a,死亡人数呈现波浪式下降趋势;(2)山西省是煤矿事故高发省,近8 a年来,共发生煤矿事故215起,死亡371人,分别占同期全国煤矿事故总数的23.24%、死亡人数的16.83%;(3)事故类型和事故等级间存在显著差异(p<0.05),顶板事故和瓦斯事故是特别重大事故的主要类型。  结论 根据事故统计结果和数据分析结论,提出有针对性的安全管理策略,为我国煤矿安全生产管理工作提供理论支撑,以期进一步降低煤矿事故发生概率。

关键词:煤矿事故;事故规律;费希尔精确检验;事故等级;事故类型

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024050063

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(52474215)

收稿日期:2024/05/31

修回日期:2025/04/25

出版日期:2026/10/09

Coal mine accident patterns and Fisher’s exact test in China during 2014—2023

Yuan Junwei1,2,3, Guo Yanmei1, Du Yongkun1, Wu Ran1, Jiang Xiaogai4

1.School of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo  454003, Henan, China;2.Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Coal Mine Disaster Prevention and Emergency Rescue, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo  454003, Henan, China;3.Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo  454003, Henan, China;4.School of Finance and Economics, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo  454003, Henan, China

Abstract: Objectives To improve coal mine work safety, this paper systematically collects and sorts out statistical data of coal mine work-safety accidents in China from 2014 to 2023, and conducts an in-depth study on the patterns and characteristics of coal mine accidents over the past decade.  Methods Based on data published by the National Mine Safety Administration, a multi-dimensional analysis was carried out on the overall status, accident types, regional distribution and accident causes of coal mine accidents in China from 2014 to 2023. Fisher's exact test was adopted to analyze the statistical differences among various influencing factors. Results The results show that: (1) Compared with 2014, the fixed-base index of accident fatalities in 2023 decreased by 44.86%. Over the past decade, the annual number of coal mine accidents peaked at 142 (2014) and bottomed at 91 (2021), with an annual average of 119 cases; the death toll presented a fluctuating downward trend. (2) Shanxi Province is a high-incidence region for coal mine accidents. In the past eight years, 215 coal mine accidents occurred, causing 371 deaths, accounting for 23.24% of the national total accidents and 16.83% of total fatalities in the the corresponding period, respectively. (3) A significant statistical difference exists between accident types and accident grades (p< 0.05); roof accidents and gas accidents are the primary types of extra-serious accidents.  Conclusions According to the accident statistics and analytical results, targeted safety management countermeasures are put forward, which can provide theoretical support for coal mine safety management in China and help further reduce the occurrence probability of coal mine accidents.

Key words: coal mine accidents; accident patterns; Fisher’s exact test; accident grade; accident type

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