Abstract：In Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844, Marx proposed the theory of alienation;and Marcuse expounded the alienation phenomenon of industrial society in One Dimensional Man, in which the developed industrial society suppressed the man's negation and criticism and changed the society into a one-dimensional one. Based on Marcuse's theory, this paper mainly discusses the one-dimensional industrial society on the political, cultural and ideological level, and reflects on the ideology of the modern industrial civilization, which may provide some reference for the contemporary society.

Keyword：alienation;one-dimension;popular culture;criticism;