Abstract：The national issue is a part of the general issues of the social development, whether to deal with the national issue right immediately influences the causes of building up the proletarian revolution and socialism. During the period of leading the Russian Revolution and building socialism, Lenin, according to the national condition of Soviet Russia multi-nationality, carried on a widespread ponder and exploration of complexity of the Soviet Russian nationality and the multiplicity, and formed the full Lenin nationality system, which becomes the important component of Leninism. This sorts out and comments the scholars' researches on lenin's nationality achieved in the 60 years since the founding of new China, and provides some systematic and basic materials and a new direction for the further development of Lenin's nationality theory.

Keyword：Lenin; nationality theory; the summary;