毋亚琦, 王蔚, 杨志波,等.磨粒有序化砂轮磨削BK7光学玻璃亚表面损伤的试验研究[J].河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）,2026,45(1):136-142.

WU Y Q, WANG W, YANG Z B, et al.Experimental study on subsurface damage of BK7 optical glass grinding with abrasive ordered wheel[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2026,45(1):136-142.

磨粒有序化砂轮磨削BK7光学玻璃亚表面损伤的试验研究

毋亚琦1,2, 王蔚1, 杨志波1, 郭强1, 罗晨旭1, 张钰奇1

1.河南理工大学 机械与动力工程学院，河南 焦作  454000；2.河南工业和信息化职业学院 智能制造学院，河南 焦作  454000

摘要: 目的 探究优化后的磨粒有序排布金刚石砂轮对BK7光学玻璃亚表面损伤的影响，以裂纹最大深度作为评价指标，研究不同磨粒有序排布方式、不同磨粒粒度和不同单颗磨粒最大切厚对光学玻璃材料亚表面损伤深度的影响。 方法 采用磨粒有序排布金刚石砂轮对BK7光学玻璃进行磨削试验。首先，采用遗传算法对磨粒排布方式进行优化；其次，设置不同的砂轮转速、工作台进给速度和磨削深度，使用优化后的2种不同粒度（40/45目和120/140目）的砂轮在立式加工中心进行磨削试验，并对磨削过程进行测力分析。 结果 通过遗传算法得出砂轮磨粒最优排布方式为轴向距离K=2 mm，磨粒周向间距ƒ=0.3 mm，磨粒排布角度α=50°。实验结果表明，优化后的磨粒有序排布砂轮磨削光学玻璃产生的裂纹深度要小于其他排布方式的。亚表面损伤深度随着磨粒粒度的增大而降低，随着磨粒最大切厚的增加而加深。通过截面抛光法和扫描电子显微镜测量磨削后的BK7光学玻璃亚表面损伤情况，并利用Image-Pro Plus 6.0软件计算测量后的亚表面损伤值。 结论 采用合理优化后的磨粒有序排布方式可以明显降低BK7光学玻璃的亚表面损伤深度，这表明磨粒有序排布金刚石砂轮在提高光学玻璃磨削质量方面效果显著，对于光学元件的高效高质量磨削加工具有重要的实用价值。

关键词:有序化排布;金刚石砂轮;BK7光学玻璃;裂纹深度;亚表面损伤

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2023020006

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（U1904170）

收稿日期:2023/02/03

修回日期:2024/11/21

出版日期:2025-12-03

Experimental study on subsurface damage of BK7 optical glass grinding with abrasive ordered wheel

Wu Yaqi1,2, Wang Wei1, Yang Zhibo1, Guo Qiang1, Luo Chenxu1, Zhang Yuqi1

1.School of Mechanical and Power Engineering， Henan Polytechnic University， Jiaozuo  454000， Henan， China；2.Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing， Henan College of Industry and Information Technology， Jiaozuo  454000， Henan， China

Abstract: Objectives This study aims to investigate the impact of the optimized arrangement of abrasive grains on the subsurface damage of BK7 optical glass during grinding with diamond wheels. Using the maximum crack depth as an evaluation index， the effects of different grain arrangement methods， grain sizes， and maximum cutting thicknesses of single abrasive grains on the subsurface damage depth of optical glass materials were studied. Methods The study conducted grinding experiments on BK7 optical glass using diamond wheels with an orderly arrangement of abrasive grains. Initially， the genetic algorithm was used to optimize the arrangement of abrasive grains. Afterwards， grinding wheels were manufactured using this optimized method， and grinding experiments were carried out with two different particle sizes （40/45 mesh and 120/140 mesh），with varying wheel speeds， worktable feed rates， and grinding depths as experimental conditions. A vertical machining center was used for grinding experiments， and the grinding process was measured and analyzed. Results Through the genetic algorithm， the optimal arrangement of the grinding wheel abrasive grains was that the axial distance K was 2 mm， the circumferential spacing ƒ was 0.3 mm， and the arrangement angle α was 50°. The experimental results showed that the optimized arrangement of abrasive grains in the grinding wheel resulted in a smaller crack depth in the ground BK7 optical glass compared to other arrangement methods. The subsurface damage depth decreased with the increase of grain size and increased with the increase of the maximum cutting thickness of abrasive grains. The subsurface damage of BK7 optical glass after grinding was observed using section polishing and scanning electron microscopy， and the subsurface damage values were calculated using Image-Pro Plus 6.0 software. Conclusions The study concluded that the use of an optimized arrangement of abrasive grains can significantly reduce the subsurface damage depth of BK7 optical glass. This indicated that the diamond wheel with an orderly arrangement of abrasive grains had a significant effect on improving the grinding quality of optical glass， which had important practical application value for the efficient and high-quality grinding of optical components.

Key words:arrange in order;diamond grinding wheel;BK7 optical glass;crack depth;subsurface damage