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WANG W, ZHOU Q S, LU X W ,et al.Study on 3D visualization and risk early warning for gas-coal cross mining[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2026,45(1):86-94.

气煤交叉开采三维可视化及风险预警研究

王文1,2, 周青山1, 芦晓伟1, 郭润生2, 曹海波1, 张通3

1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院，河南 焦作  454000；2.煤炭安全生产与清洁高效利用省部共建协同创新中心，河南 焦作  454000；3.中国石油化工股份有限公司 华北油气分公司，河南 郑州  450006；4.安徽理工大学 安全科学与工程学院，安徽 淮南  232001

摘要: 目的 为实时预警叠置区域内煤气开采潜在的风险，保障煤气交叉开采安全。以鄂尔多斯盆地内大牛地气田与呼吉尔特矿区某煤矿为工程背景，研究采动影响下天然气井受力变形特征与易破坏位置。 方法 建立天然气井安全避让距离控制预测方法，采用3ds Max数字建模、Unity3D引擎和C#语言结合，开发煤气模型三维联动显示、交叉区域风险预警的三维可视化与风险预警平台，并开发六大功能模块。 结果 结果表明：以数字模型和场景搭建为基础，实现基于虚实映射的三维模型可视化，为预警平台设计开发奠定坚实基础；结合现场监测数据，提取分析采动影响下覆岩移动地表沉降对上覆油气管道变形影响，构建区域内地表下沉等值线分区的三维可视化；基于天然气井安全避让距离控制预测方法，实现天然气井与采煤工作面间的可视化实时风险预警；基于GNSS监测技术建立地表沉降监测、管道变形监测和天然气井安全避让距离监测相结合的综合风险预测预警平台。 结论 基于可视化平台实现气煤叠置区三维显示、数据监测和实时风险预警，可为气煤叠置区煤气协调开采提供参考，为煤气叠置区灾害防控提供依据。

关键词:三维可视化;煤气协调开采;Unity3D;安全避让距离;实时预警

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2023110062

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（52174109）；河南省高校科技创新人才支持计划项目（23HASTIT011）；安全学科“双一流”创建工程入库项目（AQ20230501）

收稿日期:2023/11/30

修回日期:2024/04/25

出版日期:2025-12-03

Study on 3D visualization and risk early warning for gas-coal cross mining

Wang Wen1,2, Zhou Qingshan1, Lu Xiaowei1, Guo Runsheng2, Cao Haibo1, Zhang Tong3

1.School of Energy Science and Engineering， Henan Polytechnic University， Jiaozuo  454000， Henan， China；2.Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization， Jiaozuo  454000， Henan， China；3.Sinopec North China Petroleum Bureau， Zhengzhou  450006， Henan， China；4.School of Safety Science and Engineering， Anhui University of Science and Technology， Huainan  232001， Anhui， China

Abstract: Objectives This study aims to achieve real-time early warning of potential risks in gas-coal overlapping areas and ensure the safety of gas-coal cross mining. Methods Taking the Daniudi Gas Field and a coal mine in the Hujilt mining area of the Ordos Basin as the engineering background， this study investigates the deformation characteristics and vulnerable zones of natural gas wells affected by mining activities. A prediction method for controlling the safe avoidance distance of natural gas wells was established. By integrating 3ds Max digital modeling， the Unity3D engine， and C# programming， a three-dimensional visualization and risk early warning platform was developed， featuring six major functional modules for gas-coal model linkage display and cross-regional risk warning. Results The platform realizes 3D visualization based on virtual-real mapping， laying a solid foundation for early warning system design and development. Through the analysis of field monitoring data， the effects of overburden movement and surface subsidence on the deformation of overlying oil and gas pipelines were revealed， and a 3D visualization of regional subsidence contour zoning was constructed. Based on the proposed prediction method for safe avoidance distance control， real-time visual early warning between natural gas wells and coal mining faces was achieved. Furthermore， a comprehensive risk prediction and early warning platform integrating surface subsidence monitoring， pipeline deformation monitoring， and safe distance monitoring of natural gas wells was established based on GNSS monitoring technology. Conclusions The visualization platform enables 3D display， data monitoring， and real-time early warning in gas-coal overlapping areas. It provides technical support for coordinated gas-coal mining and offers a scientific basis for disaster prevention and control in gas-coal overlapping regions.

Key words:3D visualization;coordinated mining of gas and coal;Unity3D;safe avoidance distance;real time warning