陈晓祥, 王冬冬.厚硬顶板巷道切顶卸压机理及小煤柱护巷围岩控制技术研究[J].河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）,2026,45(2):97-106.

CHEN X X, WANG D D.Mechanism and surrounding rock control of roof cutting and pressure relief in thick-hard roof roadways with gob-side entry driving using small coal pillars[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2026,45(2):97-106.

厚硬顶板巷道切顶卸压机理及小煤柱护巷围岩控制技术研究

陈晓祥1,2, 王冬冬1

1.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院，河南 焦作  454003；2.煤炭安全生产与省部共建协同创新中心，河南 焦作  454003

摘要: 目的 为研究直覆厚硬顶板邻近工作面切顶卸压效应和沿空掘巷小煤柱合理留设宽度，开展厚硬顶板巷道切顶卸压机理及小煤柱护巷围岩控制技术研究。  方法 以同宝煤业15号煤层15107工作面回风巷为研究对象，采用理论计算、数值模拟和现场工业性试验方法，研究直覆厚硬顶板条件下切顶卸压留小煤柱沿空掘巷围岩应力分布规律。  结果 结果表明：15106工作面运输巷切顶高度取21 m时能够切断上层厚硬顶板；理论计算得出沿空掘巷小煤柱宽度范围为4.807~5.225 m；切顶后，采空区右侧实体煤中的围岩应力显著下降，沿空掘巷围岩应力更为缓和；切顶有效降低小煤柱内部垂直应力峰值；切顶后煤柱宽度为3，5，7，9 m时数值模拟结果显示，煤柱宽度由3 m增至5 m，煤柱帮顶板表面垂直应力峰值增幅高达166.31 %，煤柱宽度由5 m增至9 m，煤柱帮顶板表面垂直应力峰值变化幅度均小于27.32 %。 结论 现场试验表明，留设5 m宽的小煤柱，并对15107回风巷进行合理支护，受工作面回采影响后，巷道的围岩变形均在200 mm以下，采用深孔预裂爆破切顶卸压效果明显，满足15107工作面安全生产要求，可以为类似条件煤矿生产提供借鉴和参考。

关键词:厚硬顶板;小煤柱;切顶卸压;沿空掘巷;围岩控制

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024110063

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（U1504515）

收稿日期:2025/04/30

修回日期:2025/06/08

出版日期:2026/01/28

Mechanism and surrounding rock control of roof cutting and pressure relief in thick-hard roof roadways with gob-side entry driving using small coal pillars

Chen Xiaoxiang1,2, Wang Dongdong1

1.School of Energy Science and Engineering， Henan Polytechnic University， Jiaozuo  454003， Henan， China；2.Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization， Jiaozuo  454003， Henan， China

Abstract: Objectives To investigate the mechanism of roof cutting and pressure relief in roadways with immediately overlying thick-hard roof strata adjacent to working faces， and to determine the rational width of small coal pillars for gob-side entry driving. Methods Taking the return air roadway of the 15107 working face in the No. 15 coal seam of Tongbao Coal Mine as the study object， theoretical calculations， numerical simulations， and on-site industrial tests were conducted to analyze the stress distribution characteristics of surrounding rock during gob-side entry driving with small coal pillars under conditions of roof cutting and pressure relief in immediately overlying thick-hard roof strata.  Results The results show that a roof-cutting height of 21 m in the transportation roadway of the 15106 working face can effectively cut off the overlying thick-hard roof strata， reducing the lateral cantilever length of the roof. The theoretically determined reasonable width of the small coal pillar for gob-side entry driving ranges from 4.807 to 5.225 m. After roof cutting， the surrounding rock stress in the solid coal on the right side of the goaf decreases significantly， resulting in a more moderate stress environment for the gob-side entry. Roof cutting also effectively reduces the peak vertical stress within the small coal pillar. Numerical simulation results for coal pillar widths of 3， 5， 7， and 9 m indicate that increasing the pillar width from 3 m to 5 m leads to an increase of up to 166.31% in the peak vertical stress on the roof surface of the coal pillar， whereas increasing the width from 5 m to 9 m results in peak stress variations of less than 27.32%.  Conclusions Field tests demonstrate that leaving a 5-m-wide small coal pillar and implementing appropriate support measures for the 15107 return air roadway can limit the surrounding rock deformation to less than 200 mm under the influence of working-face mining. Deep-hole pre-splitting blasting for roof cutting and pressure relief exhibits a significant control effect， satisfying the safety production requirements of the 15107 working face and providing a reference for coal mine production under similar geological conditions.

Key words: thick-hard roof strata; small coal pillar; roof cutting and pressure relief; gob-side entry driving; surrounding rock control