孙龙, 刘入源, 刘中一,等.厚煤层超高沿空巷道顶部充填泡沫材料力学性质试验研究[J].河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）,2026,45(2):140-147.

SUN L, LIU R Y, LIU Z Y, et al. Experimental study on the mechanical properties of foam filling materials for the roof of ultra-high gob-side entry in thick coal seams[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2026,45(2):140-147.

厚煤层超高沿空巷道顶部充填泡沫材料力学性质试验研究

孙龙1, 刘入源2, 刘中一1, 梁博1, 魏锦平2, 韦四江2

1.义煤集团 新安县云顶煤业有限公司，河南 洛阳 471800；2.河南理工大学 能源科学与工程学院，河南 焦作 454003

摘要: 目的 为提高资源回收率和缓解采掘接替紧张状况，开展厚煤层超高沿空巷道顶部充填泡沫材料力学性质试验研究。  方法 为验证泡沫材料的适应性，采用试验方法研究高宽比、加载速率等因素对其力学特征的影响。  结果 结果表明，加载速率一定时，随着高宽比增加，泡沫材料的承载能力逐渐降低；高宽比一定时，泡沫材料承载能力随加载速率增加而逐渐增大；根据应力-应变全程曲线，可将泡沫材料受载过程分为3个阶段：加载初期，试件工作阻力急剧增加，为短暂的线弹性阶段；随着加载进行，应力随应变增加缓慢，进入塑性平台阶段，曲线呈明显的线性特征；致密化阶段中高宽比较大的试件承载能力降低明显，呈现软化和结构性破坏特征。石墨聚苯泡沫材料弹性后效明显，初次加载后，回弹50%~80%，具有较强的变形让压能力和回弹承载性能。  结论 结合云顶煤矿超高巷道工程地质条件，根据多孔泡沫模型和锚索有效延伸量理论可知，高宽比为0.5~1.0的泡沫材料承载能力强、压缩模量高，具有初期抗变形能力强和结构稳定的特点，能够适应巷道顶帮大变形和消除瓦斯集聚空间的需要，是超高巷道顶部充填的优选材料。

关键词:超高巷道;石墨聚苯泡沫;高宽比;力学性质;柔性充填

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2025080030

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（51974104）；河南省自然科学基金资助项目（252300421918）

收稿日期:2025/08/19

修回日期:2025/11/11

出版日期:2026/01/28

Experimental study on the mechanical properties of foam filling materials for the roof of ultra-high gob-side entry in thick coal seams

Sun Long1, Liu Ruyuan2, Liu Zhongyi1, Liang Bo1, Wei Jinping2, Wei Sijiang2

1.Xin’an County Yunding Coal Industry Company， Yimei Group， Luoyang  471800， Henan， China；2.School of Energy Science and Engineering， Henan Polytechnic University， Jiaozuo  454003， Henan， China

Abstract: Objectives To improve resource recovery rates and alleviate the tension in mining succession， the experimental study on the mechanical properties of foam filling materials for the roof of ultra-high gob-side entry in thick coal seams was conducted. Methods To verify the adaptability of the foam material， experimental methods were employed to study the influence of factors such as height-to-width ratio and loading rate on its mechanical characteristics. Results The results indicate that， under a constant loading rate， the bearing capacity of the foam material gradually decreases as the height-to-width ratio increases. Conversely， with a constant height-to-width ratio， the bearing capacity gradually increases with the loading rate. Based on the complete stress-strain curve， the loading process of the foam material can be divided into three stages： In the initial loading stage， the working resistance of the specimen increases sharply， representing a brief linear-elastic stage. As loading continues， stress increases slowly with strain， entering the plastic platform stage where the curve shows a clear linear characteristic. Stage III is the densification stage， where specimens with larger height-to-width ratios exhibit a significant reduction in bearing capacity， displaying characteristics of softening and structural failure. Graphite polystyrene foam material exhibits notable elastic aftereffect. After the initial loading， it rebounds by 50% to 80%， demonstrating strong deformation-yielding capacity and rebound-bearing performance. Conclusions Combining the engineering geological conditions of the ultra-high roadway in Yunding Coal Mine and based on the porous foam model and the theory of effective extension of anchor cables， it is concluded that foam material with a height-to-width ratio of 0.5 to 1.0 possesses strong bearing capacity and high compression modulus. It exhibits characteristics of strong initial deformation resistance and structural stability， enabling it to adapt to large deformations of the roadway roof and sides and meet the need to eliminate gas accumulation space. It is thus the preferred material for filling the roof of ultra-high roadways.

Key words: ultra-high roadway; graphite polystyrene foam; height-to-width ratio; mechanical properties; flexible backfilling