田光辉, 张黎祎, 张清照,等.含卸压孔煤岩蠕变特性及非线性本构模型[J].河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）,2026,45(2):213-220.

TIAN G H, ZHANG L Y, ZHANG Q Z,et al.Creep characteristics and nonlinear constitutive modeling of coal rock containing pressure relief boreholes[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science) ,2026,45(2):213-220.

含卸压孔煤岩蠕变特性及非线性本构模型

田光辉1, 张黎祎1, 张清照2,3, 刘伟建1, 张志增4

1.中原工学院 智能建造与建筑工程学院，河南 郑州  450007；2.同济大学 地下建筑与工程系，上海  200092；3.同济大学 岩土及地下工程教育部重点实验室，上海  200092；4.华北水利水电大学 地球科学与工程学院，河南 郑州  450045

摘要: 目的 为研究卸压孔对卸压巷道长期稳定性的影响，开展不同卸压孔孔径煤岩分级加载蠕变试验研究。  方法 首先，对比分析不同卸压孔孔径下的煤岩蠕变特性及长期稳定性；其次，将Najar损伤理论引入煤岩蠕变中，从能量角度分析煤岩蠕变阶段的损伤特征；再次，考虑黏滞系数的硬化效应，将其视为与时间相关的非定常参数，提出参数非线性本构方程；最后，采用稳态蠕变速率拐点法确定不同卸压孔孔径煤岩的长期强度。  结果 结果表明，卸压孔孔径对煤岩蠕变特性、蠕变损伤和长期强度均有一定影响。蠕变阶段，卸压孔孔径对煤岩蠕变量和初始蠕变速率具有显著的尺寸效应，表现为孔径较大煤岩的蠕变量和初始蠕变速率大；蠕变过程中，损伤逐渐增大，损伤速率逐渐减小并趋于稳定，且损伤与卸压孔孔径呈正相关关系；考虑黏滞系数硬化效应，推导的参数非线性Maxwell蠕变方程能够较好地描述蠕变过程；长期强度与卸压孔孔径呈负相关关系。  结论 研究结果有助于维护卸压巷道的长期稳定，对预测冲击地压、保障矿山安全生产具有一定理论意义。

关键词:煤岩;卸压孔;蠕变;损伤;本构模型;长期强度

doi:10.16186/j.cnki.1673-9787.2024010047

基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（42277145）；河南省自然科学基金资助项目（222300420596）

收稿日期:2025/01/17

修回日期:2025/04/30

出版日期:2026/01/28

Creep characteristics and nonlinear constitutive modeling of coal rock containing pressure relief boreholes

Tian Guanghui1, Zhang Liyi1, Zhang Qingzhao2,3, Liu Weijian1, Zhang Zhizeng4

1.School of Intelligent Construction and Civil Engineering， Zhongyuan University of Technology， Zhengzhou  450007， Henan， China；2.Department of Geotechnical Engineering，Tongji University， Shanghai  200092， China；3.Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of the Ministry of Education， Tongji University， Shanghai  200092， China；4.College of Geosciences and Engineering， North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power， Zhengzhou  450045， Henan， China

Abstract: Objectives The influence of pressure relief borehole diameter on the long-term stability of pressure relief roadways is investigated through graded loading creep tests on coal rock specimens with different borehole diameters.  Methods First， creep characteristics and long-term stability of coal rock are comparatively analyzed for different pressure relief borehole diameters. Second， Najar damage theory is introduced to analyze damage characteristics of coal rock during creep stages from an energy perspective. Third， considering the hardening effect of viscosity coefficient as a time-dependent non-stationary parameter， a parameter nonlinear constitutive equation is proposed. Finally， the steady-state creep rate inflection point method is employed to determine the long-term strength of coal rock with different borehole diameters. Results The results indicate that the pressure relief borehole diameter significantly influences creep characteristics， creep damage and long-term strength of coal rock. During creep， the pressure relief borehole diameter exhibits a distinct size effect on both creep strain and initial creep rate， with larger boreholes resulting in greater creep strain and higher initial creep rate. Throughout the creep process， damage gradually increases while damage rate decreases and eventually stabilizes， with damage showing a positive correlation with borehole diameter. The derived parameter-nonlinear Maxwell creep equation， incorporating with the viscosity coefficient， accurately describes the creep process. Long-term strength demonstrates a negative correlation with borehole diameter.  Conclusions The findings contribute to maintaining long-term stability of pressure relief roadways and provide theoretical insights for rockburst prediction and mine safety.

Key words: coal rock; pressure relief borehole; creep; damage; constitutive model; long-term strength